In Brief 
POLITICS
PM Sharif assures MQM-P of “big relief” in the upcoming budget
On 30 May, Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif promised “big relief” to Muttahida Qaumi Movement-Pakistan (MQM-P) in the upcoming budget and stated that the federation is serious about resolving issues in Sindh.  He promised reduction in gas prices and power load-shedding in the province. He also assured to provide merit-based jobs and loans to the youths of urban Sindh under the Khushal Youth Programme. The declaration came after the meeting convened between a delegation of the MQM-P led by Federal Minister for Education and Professional Training Dr Khalid Maqbool Siddiqui. Following the meeting, the PM issued a statement which said: “Muttahida Qaumi Movement-Pakistan is an important coalition party of government and will work together with the allied parties to solve the issues being faced by the country.” PM Shehbaz has emphasized the importance of Karachi as the country's economic backbone and its importance in the government's priorities. During a meeting, on the federal budget for 2024-2025, the MQM-P delegation also presented suggestions, which the prime minister welcomed. The party raised concerns about youth unemployment in urban Sindh, inflation, power and gas load-shedding, and hefty bills. PM Shehbaz promised relief in the upcoming budget, job opportunities, and loans for solar panels in collaboration with the Akhut Foundation. The MQM-P delegation also demanded the early completion of the K-4 project and a five-year socio-economic and cultural development plan for Karachi. (Rizwan Shehzad, “PM promises ‘big relief’ in the budget to MQM-P,” The Express Tribune, 31 May 2024)
 
JUDICIARY
LHC to hear a petition against PM Sharif’s remarks on judges
On 31 May, the Lahore High Court is set to hear a contempt of court petition against Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif for allegedly using “inappropriate words” regarding judges of the superior judiciary. Lawyer Ashba Kamran filed the petition arguing that his act should be prosecuted for contempt of court. This development comes following PM Sharif’s remarks in his speech where he had stated that some “black sheep” in the judiciary were determined to provide relief to Imran Khan. In response, on 30 May, two judges of the Supreme Court asked the premier to move a reference if he suspects any “black sheep” in the court than using the “shoulders of the judiciary” to settle scores. The remarks were given while hearing an appeal challenging the 15 September judgment of the apex court, which had ruled the amendments to the National Accountability Ordinance illegal. Justice Jamal Khan Mandokhail questioned, “Why do parliamentarians always use the shoulders of the judiciary to settle their scores and why are the court’s judgments appreciated if they are in someone’s favor and criticised if not.” However, the attorney general took the rostrum and said he discussed this issue with the premier and clarified that the latter had never referred to “sitting judges” of the superior courts. As a response, Justice Athar Minallah quipped that the judges were not “black sheep” but “black bumble-bees”, an ostensible reference to their ‘sting.’ (Nasir Iqbal, “Stung by PM’s remark, SC judges clap back,” Dawn, 31 May 2024 & Wajih Ahmad Sheikh, “LHC to hear contempt plea against PM today,” Dawn, 31 May 2024)
 
SOCIETY
LPG gas shop explosion in Hyderabad kills two and injures several
On 30 May, a major explosion occurred in a Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) cylinder shop in Hyderabad’s Preetabad area resulting in a fire that and a fire killed at least two and injured 49 others. After the first blast, people tried to put out the fire, however, they experienced severe blasts and some adjacent houses and shops in the area also caught fire. As a result, 51 people suffered burns and were taken the hospital. The eyewitnesses accused the fire brigades of reaching the accident spot thus worsening the situation. Later, Sindh Chief Minister Syed Murad Ali Shah visited the burns wards of Civil Hospital Karachi and directed the Health Minister Dr Azra Pechuho to visit. The RMO of the Civil Hospital claimed that most of the injured were children and women. Deputy Mayor Saghir Qureshi assured that action against those responsible for the Municipal fire brigade would be taken immediately. Deputy commissioner Zainul Abedin Memon revealed that the establishment of LPG shops in a densely populated area is illegal and risky and warned that action would be taken against the owners as per the law. (Aftab Ahmed, “Two killed, 49 injured in Hyderabad LPG cylinder shop blast,” The News International, 31 May 2024)

CLIMATE
NDMA warns of extreme heatwave conditions in some parts of the country
On 30 May, the National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) cautioned that the extreme heatwave conditions would prevail across parts of Sindh and Punjab in June. The temperatures are likely to remain above 48 degrees Celsius. From 31 May to 5 June, dust storms, gusty winds, and light rain are possible in the country’s upper region like a few places in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Gilgit-Baltistan, and PoK. In Balochistan and Sindh, dust storms are expected. In Punjab, the northern parts of the provinces are likely to experience thunderstorms and isolated showers for the next two days. According to the authorities of the National Emergency Operations Centre, Sindh, Umerkot, Tharparkar, Tando Ala Yar, Matiari, and Sanghar would be affected and Punjab, Rahim Yar Khan, and Bahawalpur are likely to experience heatwave conditions. NDMA advised the authorities to remain alert and prepare to tackle the situation. It also urged the citizens to stay hydrated and to refrain from outdoor activities between 11 am to 3 pm. Separately, Chief Meteorologist Dr. Sardar Sarfraz denied the possibility of rain during Eidul Azha and predicted the heatwaves would continue until 4 June. (“More heatwave warnings issued for June as Sindh continues to sizzle,” Dawn, 31 May 2024)
 
SECURITY
Another girls’ school attacked by miscreants in Balochistan
On 30 May, officials revealed that unknown armed men attempted to set fire to a girls’ middle school in Surat district of Kalat division in Balochistan. This resulted in some parts of the school being destroyed. According to the officials, on 29 May, the attackers set the staff room on fire at night and escaped before Police reached the spot. A case was registered under terrorism laws to investigate the incident which is the second such attack targeting girls’ schools in a week. The continuous attacks have raised concerns and the Ministry of Federal Education and Professional Training asked the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa government for immediate action. In a letter to the KP Chief Secretary, the ministry’s secretary wrote: “The federal government is deeply alarmed by these developments, which not only endanger the lives of our children but also threaten the progress we have made in promoting education and gender equality in these regions.”
 
Separately, the police arrested a former teacher named Faridullah after a complainant dropped his name. Following the investigation process, the police sources have confirmed his involvement in the torching of a girls’ school in North Waziristan that happened on 28 May.  Recently, attacks on schools have surged in North and South Waziristan districts. On 9 May, terrorists set a girls’ school in the Shawa area of South Waziristan on fire. On 17 May, eight days later, unidentified terrorists blew up an under-construction girls’ private school in the lower South Waziristan district. (Saleem Shahid and Pazir Gul, “After KP, miscreants target another girls’ school in Balochistan,” Dawn, 31 May 2024)
 
SPACE
Pakistan launches its second communication satellite PAKSAT MM-1 from China
On 30 May, Pakistan launched its second communication satellite, PAKSAT MM-1 from Xichang Satellite Launch Center (XSLC)in China. It will deploy at an altitude of 36,000-kilo metres above the Earth and will take three to four days to stabilize in its designated orbit. It is aimed at advancing the country’s “digital communication infrastructure.” Suparco delineated the satellite’s importance: “The satellite is expected to contribute to the establishment of a sophisticated communication network and help meet the growing demands of the telecom sector.” PAKSAT MM-1 weighs five tons and carries latest communication equipment. Suparco detailed that the satellite with its advanced capabilities will address the increasing demand for high-speed internet and seamless connectivity. It will also provide communication services in C, Ku, Ka Bands and SBAS services in L Band. Prime Minister praised the successful launch stating “I, along with the entire nation, am proud of our scientists achievement.” (“Pakistan's second communication satellite PAKSAT MM-1 launched into space,” The Express Tribune, 30 May 2024)

Proud is the mother who gave birth to a son like Imran Khan and proud is the son of the nation like Imran Khan who sacrificed the government, ate bullets, endured fascism but did not compromise on the stance of achieving the true freedom of the nation. What did - PTI   Until Imran Khan's name came, the live streaming of the case continued, but when Imran Khan came, the live streaming was stopped. This decision has put a question mark on the transparency of the court, Babar Awan - PTI North Punjab   Today we are called political conspiracy elements only after 8 February 9 May. Despite the worst fascism, Imran Khan and Tehreek-e-Insaf have got the most mandate, so is the whole of Pakistan conspiratorial elements? - Tehreek-e-Insaf

“Efforts by activists have failed to secure even basic financial support for seniors.” -An opinion in Dawn, ‘Youth and longevity’

In Brief 
POLITICS
Imran Khan willing to hold talks only with individuals “who could offer something”
On 28 May, PTI leader Arif Alvi confirmed Imran Khan’s readiness to talk only to quarters “who could offer something,” as talking to those who had come into power through ‘Form 47’ would be futile. While speaking at a PTI protest camp outside the Karachi Press Club, he criticized the military’s role in politics and stated: “We never invited the military to intervene in politics.” He added that talks “should only be held with those who can offer something and bring something credible to the table,” stressing the need to act quickly as the prevailing situation was “pushing everyone towards a dead-end.” Alvi opined that talking to those who have nothing to offer would weaken the “broken political system,” and that the PTI wants to “fix the same broken political system.” (Imran Ayub, “Imran only wants talks with the empowered, says Alvi,” Dawn, 29 May 2024)
 
EXTERNAL
PM calls on Chinese firms to establish their industry in Pakistan
On 29 May, The Express Tribune reported that Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif chaired a meeting to discuss the promotion of Pakistan-China cooperation, where he invited Chinese companies, especially the textile sector, to establish their industry in Pakistan. The meeting was attended by several ministers, special assistants to the PM, the deputy chairman of the Planning Commission, and other senior officers. Sharif stated: “China is a key partner in Pakistan’s development. Pakistan desires to enhance cooperation with China in agriculture, information technology, and energy besides enhancing its exports to China.” He also reaffirmed that the government would provide fool-proof security to Chinese nationals working in Pakistan, and went on to announce that Pakistan is preparing for the second phase of the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC). He noted the CPEC two is devised to incorporate Agricultural Demonstration Zones and urged all the ministries to be prepared for the launch of new projects with Chinese cooperation. (“PM invites Chinese textile firms to Pakistan,” The Express Tribune, 29 May 2024)
 
Pakistan and Saint Lucia formalize diplomatic ties by signing a joint communiqué
On 28 May, envoys from Pakistan and the Caribbean Island country Saint Lucia met at the Pakistan Mission to the UN and finalized the diplomatic ties by signing the joint communiqué. It was signed by Pakistan’s permanent representative to the UN, Ambassador Munir Akram, and his Saint Lucian counterpart, Ambassador Menissa Rambally. During their address, both appreciated the start of the new chapter. Akram expressed his belief that the new formalization of ties with St Lucia would open up new factions for mutually beneficial relationships in the realms of trade, commerce, political cooperation, and tourism. He stated: “We look forward to the stronger people-to-people bond. There is immense tourism potential in both the countries that can be explored through visits by the tourists.” Rambally thanked him and stated that she personally “learnt a lot from him.” (“Diplomatic ties between Pakistan, St Lucia formalised,” The News International, 29 May 2024)
 
SOCIETY
More polio samples found in five months of 2024 compared to the whole of 2023
On 29 May, Dawn reported that the efforts taken by the government were not effective in eradicating polio as they failed to achieve the desired results. The environmental samples have tested positive for the polio virus increased in the first five months of 2024 than the record of the entire previous year. This year’s tally of tested-positive environmental samples reached 148 across 38 districts when compared to the previous year’s record of 126 positive cases across 28 districts. The National Institute of Health Islamabad confirmed the detection of Type-1 Wild Poliovirus (WPV1) in eight sites in six previously infected districts. The recent polio program held in Qatar also noted the situation in Pakistan is worse than in Afghanistan. It stated the samples were genetically linked to the imported YB3A WPV1 genetic cluster which disappeared from Pakistan in 2021 and remained in Afghanistan.  A statement from the Polio program noted: “The Pakistan Polio Programme is implementing an intense vaccination schedule this year to curb the spread of the virus.” (Ikram Junaidi, “More positive polio samples in five months of 2024 than whole of previous year,” Dawn, 29 May 2024)
 
University federation rejects budget reduction of HEC, announces black day
On 28 May, the Federation of All Pakistan Universities Academic Staff Association (FAPUASA) announced it would observe a black day on 30 May at all universities across the country, to oppose the huge cut in the budget of the federal Higher Education Commission (HEC). This comes after the notification issued by the federal government, which informed of a reduction of the HEC’s budget for FY25. The reduction will be from PKR 65 billion to PKR 25 billion and will include only the federal universities. The FAPUASA rejected the federal government’s decision due to its impact on the higher education sector which is already suffering. The academic staff associations (ASAs) were also directed to hold meetings to bring all the stakeholders to raise their voices against the decision. It also decided to hold sit-ins next week in Islamabad. FAPUASA President Magsi and General Secretary Uzair condemned the decision and argued any decision regarding the HEC must be placed before the Council of Common Interests (CCI) as per the constitution. The FAPUASA demanded the government to withdraw the decision immediately. The executive council demanded the government increase the budget up to PKR 500 billion and warned that failure to increase the budget would result in the closure of universities. (“Varsity teachers to observe black day to protest cut in HEC budget,” Dawn, 29 May 2024)
 
PROVINCES
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: PM directs authorities to improve load management and provide relief to those without electricity
On 29 May, Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif directed authorities to ensure better load management and provide load relief following the  Centre’s decision to help Khyber Pakhtunkhwa’s (KP) Chief Minister Ali Amin Gandapur in reducing power load shedding in KP. He also warned that the government would take action against the power thieves. Sharif promised to conduct a review of the power theft situation every month and urged the provincial governments, law enforcement agencies, and other departments to extend their support in the anti-power theft drive. The areas that are highly vulnerable to power theft, line losses, and low recovery ratios are the places subjected to load-shedding. The meeting also devised a task force at the provincial and divisional level to resolve the issue which would undergo weekly review. (Syed Irfan Raza, “PM seeks better handling of power outages in KP,” Dawn, 29 May 2024)

The barbaric attacks in Rafah, where women and children are being burned alive, are deliberate acts against Palestinians, not tragic mishaps. Complicity through silence is unacceptable. The international community must unite and act now to enforce international law, stop the massacre, and hold Israel accountable for these atrocities. We strongly condemn Israel's crimes against humanity and demand an immediate end to the violence and justice for Palestine. - BilawalBhuttoZardari   Happy Takbeer Day! The journey started by Leader of the People Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto to make Pakistan's defense invincible was continued by Bibi Shaheed Benazir Bhutto in the form of acquiring missile technology for Pakistan and the leader of Muslim League-N Nawaz Sharif took a difficult decision. Decided the explosions. The credit of our deterrence today is due to the decisions of these political leaders and the eternal sacrifices of the armed forces and we Balochistan have this honor Pakistan's first nuclear test was conducted on our soil in Chagai. - Sarfraz Bugti   Deeply concerned by the disturbing developments in Rafah. Pakistan strongly condemns Israel’s indiscriminate bombardment that has led to heavy casualties. It is deplorable that international law is being repeatedly violated, despite ICJ’s recent clear verdict against Israel. The international community, particularly the UN, must play its part in protecting civilians from such brutal aggression. - Shehbaz Sharif

“The ‘right’ to anything is only derived from the law.” -An opinion in Dawn, ‘Termination limits’

In Brief
POLITICS
Ruling coalition says it is open to hold “meaningful talks” with the PTI
On 27 May, Dawn reported that the ruling coalition of the PML-N and the PPP invited the PTI for “meaningful talks’ and urged the PTI to stop street protests. Acting President Yousuf Raza Gilani and Planning Minister Ahsan Iqbal emphasized the government’s openness to hold talks. While speaking to the media, Gilani noted that while the coalition’s doors were “open for meaningful talks,” the PTI must “decide with whom they want to negotiate.” He pointed out that when the PTI was in power, the PPP was still willing to hold talks. Separately, Iqbal expressed that while the government is willing to talk to “all parties for purposeful and meaningful negotiations,” these negotiations can “only happen when the parties negotiate with a positive agenda.” He went on to criticize the PTI for wanting to “make its way by fighting the establishment and the government in the court.” (“PML-N, PPP invite PTI to ‘meaningful’ talks,” Dawn, 27 May 2024)
 
SECURITY
Police arrest 26 and book over 400 after violent mob attempts to lynch Christian man
On 27 May, Dawn reported that 26 people were arrested and cases were registered against 44 nominated and 300 or 400 unidentified suspects by the Urban Area police of Sargodha, following mob violence and an attempt to lynch a Christian man. The cases were registered under the Anti-Terrorism Act (ATA) 1997 and several sections of the Pakistan Penal Code (PPC). The police also registered a blasphemy case against the Christian man, who was critically injured by the mob violence that began after some pages of the Holy Quran were found burnt adjacent to his residence. However, he denies such activities. On 25 May, after the attacks by a mob of religious people, Station House Officer (SHO) Shahid Iqbal registered the mob violence case. Despite efforts to resolve this, the mob set a shoe unit ablaze and destroyed the electricity meters and AC units of his house. Following the violence, Punjab Inspector General of Police (IGP) Dr Usman Anwar and Home Secretary Noorul Amin Mengal paid a visit to the area. Sargodha District Police Officer Dr Asad Ijaz Malhi monitored the district, tightening the security of the churches in the district and deploying more than 1000 security personnel. Additionally, SP Headquarters Ziaullah imposed Section 144 for seven days and conducted a flag march in the Sargodha city. He stated: “The purpose of the flag march is to instil a sense of security among the people and send a clear message to the miscreants that security in Sargodha was on high alert and that the police were ready to deal with any emergency.” (Imran Gabol and Sajjad Abbass Niazi, “26 arrested, over 400 booked for mob violence in Sargodha,” Dawn, 27 May 2024)
 
EXTERNAL
Pakistan supports 'One China' policy, says PM Sharif
On 26 May, Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif took to X to reemphasize Pakistan’s unwavering support of China’s “One China” policy on the Taiwan issue, describing Taiwan as an “inalienable part of the People’s Republic of China.” Calling Pakistan an “iron-brother and strategic partner of China,” he assured that Pakistan would continue extending its “principled support to the Chinese position on Taiwan.” Sharif contended that the “so-called elections or transition of the self-proclaimed government in Taiwan do not change the objective facts on the Taiwan issue.”
 
Similar setiments have been expressed in the past by the government’s of Imran Khan and Nawaz Sharif. On 10 September 2020, the then Foreign Minister, Shah Mehmood Qureshi, held a meeting with his Chinese counterpart and expressed firm Pakistani commitement to the ‘One China’ policy. He said that his country would firmly support China on its core national interest issues. Similarly, on 20 April 2015, Nawaz Sharif held talks with Chinese President Xi Jinping, expressing commitement to the consistent support to China over the Taiwan issue. (“PM Shehbaz reiterates support for 'One China policy',” The News International, 26 May 2024; “Islamabad favours ‘One China’ policy, Qureshi tells Chinese FM,” Dawn, 11 September 2020; “Xi Jinping Holds Talks with Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif of Pakistan, and Both Sides Decide to Upgrade China-Pakistan Relations to All-weather Strategic Partnership of Cooperation,” Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People’s Republic of China, 21 April 2015)
 
Foreign Office welcomes ICJ ruling on Gaza war, calls for “unconditional” ceasefire implementation
On 25 May, Pakistan’s Foreign Office (FO) in a statement welcomed the International Court of Justice’s (ICJ) ruling on the Gaza war and called for “unconditional” implementation of the court's orders against Israel's ongoing offensive in Rafah. The FO stated: “Pakistan welcomes the additional provisional measures by the ICJ ordering Israel to immediately halt its military offensive in Rafah in conformity with its obligations under the Genocide Convention and the worsening deteriorating humanitarian conditions faced by civilians.” It reaffirmed its stance for a contiguous and sovereign State of Palestine based on the pre-1967 borders and with Al-Quds Al-Sharif as its capital. The statement came after the ICJ ordered Israel to halt its military offensive and any other action that could bring physical destruction and demanded the Rafah border be kept open for unhindered provision of humanitarian assistance and basic services. Pakistan urged the UN Security Council (UNSC) to stop Israel’s military actions across Gaza, calling on the organization to ensure that the flow of humanitarian assistance was not hindered. (“Pakistan demands unconditional implementation of ICJ ruling on Israel's Rafah offensive,” The News International, 25 May 2024)
 
AF-PAK
Interior minister notes Afghan involvement in Bisham attack, demands the arrest of perpetrators
On 27 May, Dawn reported that during a press conference in Lahore, Interior Minister Mohsin Naqvi claimed the leadership of the banned Afghanistan-based Tehreek-i-Taliban Pakistan (TTP, and hostile foreign intelligence agencies, were responsible for the 26 March suicide attack on Chinese engineers in Bisham. The attack killed five Chinese engineers and their Pakistani drivers. Naqvi argued the attack was planned and executed by Afghanistan with the Pakistani handler’s aid. He stated: “TTP leadership planned this attack as a flagship project, and enemy intelligence agencies paid them heavily for the attack.” He demanded the arrest of three alleged terrorists and the entire leadership of the banned group, asserting: “We want good ties with Afghanistan, but for that it is important they arrest these terrorists, prosecute them or hand them to us.” When asked about Pakistan’s decision if the Afghan government decides to not cooperate, he explained that the Pakistani “government will take a unilateral decision.” Naqvi also reiterated Pakistan’s “attached great importance to its relationship with China” and highlighted the security of the Chinese nationals in Pakistan was of utmost priority. (Abdul Moiz Malik, “Afghanistan asked to hand over plotters of Bisham attack,” Dawn, 27 May 2024)
 
SOCIETY
Technical Advisory Group for polio eradication concerned about Pakistan’s deteriorating polio status
On 27 May, Dawn reported on the Technical Advisory Group (TAG) for Polio Eradication’s concerns on Pakistan’s deteriorating situation relating to poliovirus. TAG, an independent body responsible for making recommendations to the health ministry on polio eradication programmes, conducted meetings with the health departments of Pakistan and Afghanistan from 22 May to 25 May in Doha. An official of the polio program stated: “Although the detailed report of the meeting will be released in two weeks, we faced an embarrassing situation as all the gains by Pakistan in 2021 have been lost and the virus has re-emerged in three blocks i.e. Quetta, Karachi, and Peshawar-Khyber.” During the meeting, TAG brought up a document which highlighted 44 infected cases since the previous meeting in 2023 During the same time, in Afghanistan, the number of infected districts went from eight to 18. The document noted that the risk of the virus is becoming native.  (Ikram Junaidi, “World body concerned about poliovirus surge in Pakistan,” Dawn, 27 May 2024)
 
PROVINCES
Punjab: Governor assures of consultation with JAC delegation before signing Defamation Bill
On 26 May, Punjab Governor Sardar Saleem Haider promised to consult stakeholders on the Defamation Bill, 2024 and assured without this consultation, the bill would not pass. He stated: “Though the government should have taken on board all the stakeholders before introducing the new law, I’ll invite all parties to the Defamation Bill to develop a consensus on it before signing the bill into law.” The bill, which proposes a special tribunal to trial the accused involved in drafting, publishing, and airing the false news, elicited protests by journalists. A JAC delegation told the governor that this clause was an “attempt to suppress freedom of expression.” In response to this, the governor acknowledged the importance of mutual consultation, saying consultations would be held on the controversial clauses of the bill. (Amjad Mahmood, “Punjab governor pledges talks with all stakeholders on defamation bill,” Dawn, 27 May 2024)

As an iron-brother and a strategic partner of China, Pakistan has always extended its principled support to the Chinese position on Taiwan and will continue to do so. Pakistan adheres to ‘One China’ policy, regards Taiwan as an inalienable part of the People’s Republic of China and supports the Chinese government’s efforts for national reunification. The so-called elections or transition of the self-proclaimed government in Taiwan do not change the objective facts on the Taiwan issue. - Shehbaz Sharif   The Military is NOT interested in talking to Imran Boot Polishiya Khan. When asked about “popularity”, they replied, “We don’t contest the election, politicians should worry about popularity, we need to think about country’s security.” - Saad Kaiser   In another other information-based action from Excise and Narcotics department one Drug dealer Muhammad Rashid was arrested from Gulistan E Johar Karachi and 1 kilogram of Heroin was recovered from his possession. Case has been registered and investigation is under way. - Sharjeel Inam Memon

“Extreme heat means extreme stress.” -An opinion in Dawn, ‘A crisis of power’

In Brief
POLITICS
Capital Development Authority seals PTI office citing “encroachments”
On 23 May, the Capital Development Authority (CDA) team accompanied with a heavy contingent of police sealed the PTI’s Central Secretariat in Islamabad. The CDA conducted an operation in collaboration with the district administration, during which anti-encroachment teams used heavy machinery to demolish an additional floor. In a statement, the CDA said that there were “violations of building by-laws, including the construction of an additional floor.” The PTI had “also reportedly encroached on the adjacent land.” As per the officials, the plot located in Sector G-8/4 was originally allocated to a person named Sartaj Ali and several notices and warnings were issued to the plot’s owner following the encroachments erected. Due to the non-compliance with the orders, on 10 May, the CDA was instructed to seal the property. The CDA spokesperson stated that such campaigns against violation and illegal construction would continue without discrimination. (Usama Iqbal, “CDA seals PTI Secretariat for violating by-laws,” The Express Tribune, 24 May 2024)
 
Court reserves judgement on appeals against convictions in Iddat case
On 23 May, a district and sessions court reserved the verdicts on appeals against Imran Khan and his spouse Bushra Bibi’s conviction in the Iddat case as the lead counsel for complainant Khawar Fareed Maneka didn’t show up in the court during the hearing. However, defense counsel Usman Gill and the prosecutor concluded their arguments before Judge Shahrukh Arjumand. Following this, the court urged Rizwan to submit his arguments in person or via video link. The verdict will be announced on 29 May. Khan alleged the case was fabricated and politically motivated. He asked all religious scholars to oppose such “conspiracies” and voice out publicly against them. Additionally, he demanded that the judge who sentenced him and his spouse be questioned about his knowledge of Islam and religion. (Malik Asad and Ikram Junaidi, “Judgement reserved on appeals against conviction in Iddat case,” Dawn, 24 May 2024)
 
JUDICIARY
SHC directs authorities to collect fresh reports on missing persons
On 23 May, the Sindh High Court (SHC) ordered the federal secretaries of interior and defence to collect new reports on missing persons from all the internment centres and agencies under their control. The bench expressed discontent over the Joint Investigation Team (JIT) and a Provincial Task Force (PTF)’s performance on missing persons. The SHC instructed authorities to submit the reports to the court on the next hearing and in case of inability to do so. A two-judge bench headed by Justice Naimatullah Phulpoto commented on the progress reports filed by the police, saying they were lacking in substance. In some cases, the deputy attorney general filed reports denying the claims of custody of the individual on behalf of the defence and interior ministries. Following this, the SHC directed the secretaries of interior and defence to collect and submit reports from agencies under their purview at the next hearing. (Ishaq Tanoli, “SHC asks for updated info on missing persons,” Dawn, 24 May 2024)
 
SECURITY
COAS Munir visits Germany, meets civil-military officials
On 23 May, as per a statement issued by the Inter-Service Public Relations (ISPR), Chief of Army Staff (COAS) General Syed Asim Munir reached Germany for an official visit. He was welcomed by the German Chief of Defence at the Federal Ministry of Defence, General Carsten Breuer, and an Honour Guard ceremony was conducted in his honour. Munir had discussions with Lieutenant General Alfons Mais, Chief of the German Army. He also witnessed an urban warfare demonstration, inspected different training facilities, and toured the Army Combat Training Centre in Gardelegen. Discussions on issues relating to mutual interest took place with officials at the Ministry of Defence. The ISPR stated: “The German leadership acknowledged Pakistan Army’s role in the fight against terrorism and its efforts to maintain peace and stability in the region.” Munir is also scheduled to visit the German Armed Forces Command & Staff College in Hamburg to deliver an address on Pakistan’s regional and international security perspectives and the contributions of the Pakistan Armed Forces in United Nations missions. (“COAS meets civil-military leadership during Germany visit,” The Express Tribune, 23 May 2024)  
 
Police arrest two more ‘RAW-trained’ suspects
On 23 May, Korangi SSP Hassan Sardar Niazi revealed that in an operation carried out by the police and the intelligence agency, two suspects- Sheikh Mohammed Ayub, alias Ayub Ansari, and Ahsan Raza- were arrested. Describing Ansari as the “mastermind agent” of RAW, he claimed that “A huge network being operated by RAW in Karachi has been smashed.” Weapons, including hand grenades, were taken from their possession. The action was taken after an investigation into the two earlier arrested 'RAW-trained' suspects. Niazi described Ansari who came to Karachi on a visit visa from Mumbai in 1988 as the leader of the operation. The SSP alleged that Ansari was living in Pakistan by hiding his identity and got a Pakistan passport and CNIC illegally. The police statement added: “As per information, RAW has been operating an organized network of terrorism in different countries.” (“Two more ‘RAW-trained’ suspects held in Karachi,” Dawn, 24 May 2024)
 
EXTERNAL
Pakistan asks UNSC to hold individuals responsible for war crimes accountable
On 23 May, during a UN Security Council (UNSC) discussion concerning the safeguarding of civilians in armed conflicts, Pakistan emphasized the necessity of protecting civilians who are living under foreign occupation. Pakistan’s representative to the UN, Ambassador Munir Akram, proposed the deployment of UN peacekeepers to achieve this protection. Akram highlighted the severe human rights violations in Palestine and Jammu and Kashmir. He said that the “plausible genocide” in Palestine, a description given by the International Court of Justice, is a blot on the world’s conscience and will forever haunt the perpetrators.” Akram additionally urged the UNSC to hold perpetrators of war crimes accountable by halting the supply of weapons to them and enforcing political and legal consequences on responsible states and individuals. (“Pakistan seeks accountability in occupied lands,” Dawn, 23 May 2024)
 
SOCIETY
Heatwave warnings issued by Climate Change Ministry
On 23 May, the climate change ministry stated that almost 26 districts of the country have been subjected to the scorching heat that has been prevailing since 21 May. The first wave is likely to last until 30 May which will be followed by two more separate heatwaves in June. The ministry blamed unsustainable environmental practices and deforestation for the extreme weather conditions. Pakistan PM’s coordinator on climate change, Romina Khurshid Alam, urged all the federal and provincial government departments to mobilize the requirements to protect citizens from the extreme heat. Alam detailed that the temperatures of most regions were five to six degrees Celsius above normal. She stated: “High atmospheric pressure is exacerbating these conditions, adversely affecting the socio-economic activities of our people.” She emphasized that heat waves are primarily caused by human activities, exacerbated by deforestation and other unsustainable environmental practices. The National Disaster Management Agency (NDMA) is working on early warnings and coordinating with provincial departments to manage natural disasters and calamities. The agency has developed a disaster calendar projecting natural calamities for the next six months, highlighting significant rainfall variations and water stress as major concerns during heat waves. The NDMA is also developing a mobile application to provide real-time alerts, advisories, and disaster management plans to the public and media. (Jamal Shahid, “Climate change ministry warns of more heatwaves in June,” Dawn, 24 May 2024)

Mandate thief government nonsense! Not a single notice was issued or received. By the way, what is the difficult task for those Khusres who can prepare fake medical reports of their showy political assets and send them to London. - Sibghatullah Virk   It is not our ideology that they want to demolish. You can tear down buildings but you can't destroy people's resolve. They thought that people would forget Imran Khan if they snatched the sign. - Barrister Gohar Khan   Pakistan's Hijri Army should be removed from Punjab, Islamabad is the land of Punjab and the boots of Pakistan Army cannot be tolerated on the land of Punjab. - M. Iqbal Vaseer

“Fallaci mistrusted history, preferring modern reportage.” -An opinion in Dawn, ‘Deniable truths’

In Brief
EXTERNAL
Pakistan and Turkmenistan to fund TAPI pipeline project
On 22 May, Pakistan’s Petroleum Minister Dr Musadik Malik disclosed that both Pakistan and Turkmenistan would provide funding for the Turkmenistan-Afghanistan-Pakistan-India (TAPI) pipeline project due to the unavailability of foreign funding. The lack of foreign funding is due to the refusal to recognize the government in Afghanistan. Through this project, the gas from Turkmenistan will be transported to Europe via LNG train. Malik stated: “Turkmenistan is a landlocked country with substantial gas reserves, but currently China is its only buyer,” and “the gas will flow through the pipeline to Pakistan, and it will be transported to Europe by train.” He highlighted the plan to purchase gas from Iran and said that there were hindrances like international sanctions. When speaking about the country’s renewable energy, he mentioned the 2018 strategy and stated: “Pakistan can produce energy using a hybrid system. Battery technology is improving, and we can generate electricity from the sun, wind, and water.” (Zafar Bhutta, “TAPI pipeline project will be funded bilaterally,” The Express Tribune, 23 May 2024)

PM Shehbaz Shariff arrives in UAE for a one day visit
On 23 May, Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif reached the United Arab Emirates for his first one-day-long visit to UAE since his re-election. During the visit, he is expected to discuss issues related to trade and investment with the Gulf nation’s president. UAE Vice President and Deputy PM Sheikh Mansour bin Zayed Al Nahyan welcomed the premier. PM Sharif described the visit on X as “short but important” and stated: “Looking forward to a fruitful exchange of views with the UAE leadership to deepen the historic and brotherly PAK-UAE ties.” Deputy PM and Foreign Minister Ishaq Dar, Defence Minister Khawaja Asif, Interior Minister Mohsin Naqvi, Information Minister Attaullah Tarar, Commerce Minister Jam Kamal Khan, and Special Assistant to PM Tariq Fatemi have accompanied the PM on this visit. The Foreign Office in its statement said that the PM is likely to meet the UAE President, Ruler of Abu Dhabi Sheikh Mohammed bin Zayed Al Nahyan, and other Emirati dignitaries. It also stated that both countries have “long-standing fraternal relations deep-rooted in religio-cultural affinity.” This development has come after a high-level exchange between Pakistan and Saudi Arabia. (“PM Shehbaz arrives in UAE on day-long visit to talk trade and investment,” Dawn, 23 May 2024)

SECURITY
ISPR reports the killing of 29 terrorists along the Af-Pak border
On 22 May, Inter-Services Public Relations (ISPR) issued a statement revealing that over the past month, in a series of operations conducted along the Af-Pak border, almost 29 terrorists have been killed. The operations conducted were part of a widened effort to curb the terrorist infiltrations targeting both civilians and the military. ISPR stated: “In addition to other areas along the Pakistan-Afghanistan border, security forces have been conducting operations in the general area Sambaza in Zhob district of Balochistan, since April 21, 2024. As a result of effective engagements, 29 terrorists have been successfully neutralized by the security forces in the past month.” Further, it highlighted the increasing infiltration attempts by Afghanistan-based terrorists in order to carry out attacks on Pakistani territory ISPR in its statement reiterated that Pakistan has urged the Taliban to manage its border, saying: “Interim Afghan government is expected to fulfill its obligations and deny the use of Afghan soil by terrorists for perpetuating acts of terrorism against Pakistan.” (“29 terrorists killed along Afghan border: ISPR,” Dawn, 23 May 2024)

POLITICS
Special Investigation Team (SIT) commissioned to look into the attack on PTI leader Raoof Hasan
On 22 May, a three-member Special Investigation Team (SIT) was commissioned to investigate the attack on PTI Central Information Secretary Raoof Hasan. The Public Relations Officer (PRO) of the police department revealed that IGP Syed Ali Nasir Rizvi notified the team. The police gathered seven to eight video clips of the attack from different sources which were sent to the Federal Investigation Agency (FIA). Additionally, the police informed that the faces of the attackers were not clear in the footage. This was the second such incident over the past few days and the FIR stated that two to three transgenders tried to attack Hasan outside a news channel in the Blue area two days ago. The FIR underscored that besides protection, legal action should be taken. However, PTI Secretary General and Opposition Leader in the National Assembly Omar Ayub rejected the FIR and demanded the formation of a judicial commission to bring the actual perpetrators to justice. He claimed that the attackers were not transgender but well-trained assassins. He also claimed that the police rejected Mr. Hasan’s statement. He mentioned: “We categorically reject and condemn the forged FIR that was lodged by the Islamabad police. It is an attempt to sabotage the integrity of the case.” (Ikram Junaidi and Munawer Azeem, “Special team to probe attempt on PTI leader Raoof Hasan’s life,” Dawn, 23 May 2024)
 
ECONOMY
IMF will approve the next bailout package after an aligned budget receives go ahead from Parliament
On 23 May, the visiting IMF team told the Pakistan authorities that only after “an aligned upcoming budget” is agreed to by the parliament the next bailout package under the Extended Fund Facility (EFF) will be approved. The team’s visit led by Nathan Porter could pave the way for further discussions leading to the signing of a staff-level agreement for afresh bailout package. There is also a possibility of upgrading the amount from USD 6 to USD 8 billion through climate finance Some of the requirements posed by the IMF are increasing the Federal Board of Revenue (FBR) revenue, attaining primary surplus through reducing expenditures, and undertaking structural reforms to limit the losses of State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs). The IMF has also demanded that the country increase electricity and gas tariffs to clinch a deal. The IMF team has gathered all the data related to major economic indicators and conveyed the kind of budget they would like to see in 2024-25. A carbon tax is also under consideration.as the non-tax revenue target is likely to go up. (Mehtab Haider, “Pakistan authorities told: Bailout deal to come after approval of IMF-dictated budget,” Dawn, 23 May 2024)
 
Pakistan’s investment ratio falls despite SIFC efforts, reveals NAC estimation
On 23 May, The Express Tribune reported on the National Accounts Committee (NAC) approved figures which shows that Pakistan’s investment ratio has declined to just 13.1 per cent in the outgoing fiscal year. This ratio is lower than the stated target of a 15.1per cent investment-to-GDP ratio and is also the lowest recorded in 50 years despite efforts taken by the Special Investment Facilitation Council (SIFC). The country’s fixed investment-to-GDP ratio also declined to 11.4 per cent from the previous year’s 12.4 per cent. This low GDP investment ratio signifies that the SIFC alone cannot boost investments and improve Pakistan’s economy, political stability is also crucial. The committee also pointed out a discrepancy in the population figure used by the Pakistan Bureau of Statistics (PBS) which was used to calculate per capita income. As per the 2023 population census results, the population stands at241.5 million. However, the PBS used an outdated population figure of 236 million which has led to inflated per capita income figures. The committee’s estimation highlights the investments and savings percentage falls below the targets due to the external sector crisis. The SIFC was established by the Pakistan Democratic Movement (PDM) to boost the country’s low investment. However, it has only succeeded in addressing coordination issues and no foreign or domestic investments. Additionally, the country is expected to receive a USD five billion investment from Saudi Arabia. The government’s inability to increase its investment demonstrates significant economic failure. (Shahbaz Rana, “Investment plummets to 50-year low,” The Express Tribune, 23 May 2024)
 
SOCIETY
KP reports one case of Congo fever, NIH’s Centre for Diseases Control (CDC) notifies advisories for several others
On 22 May, the National Institute of Health (NIH)’s Centre for Diseases Control (CDC) notified advisories for the prevention and control of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF), heatstroke, sunstroke, and typhoid fever following a case of CCHF reported from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. NIH’s CDC revealed that 101 CCHF cases were reported in 2023. The disease CCHF is caused by tick-borne Nairo virus. The carriers of this virus are animals like cattle, goats, sheep, and hares. It is transmitted to people by tick bites or when in contact with infected blood. It is also a contagious disease that can spread from infected person to another person through contact with blood, secretions, or body fluids. Separately, due to the severe climatic changes, the vulnerability and impact of heat waves are also heightening with the possibility of morbidity and mortality due to heat stroke, says Pakistan’s advisory for prevention of heatstroke and sunstroke cases. It advised people to avoid direct exposure to sunlight, increase water intake, consumption of salty foods, wearing hats and light-colored and loose clothes. (“NIH issues advisories for Congo fever, typhoid and heatstroke prevention,” Dawn, 23 May 2024)

What is the simple and clearest ruling of the Book and Sunnah on this matter, the essential explanation has been given by these credible personalities in their brief package. - Sibghatullah Virk   Satellite rescue stations were handed over to the provincial government to provide immediate and better medical aid in case of road accidents under the reconstruction program of USAID. - Tehreek-e-Insaf   Child protection program will be started soon under the legislation and positive policy of the government of Sindh, which will be effective in stopping the traditional exploitation of children and will provide a better and safer environment for children. - PPP

“The real estate sector can play a crucial role in reducing national climate vulnerability.” -An opinion in Dawn, ‘Climate action as equity’

In Brief
POLITICS
Lahore High Court grants post-arrest bail to PTI leader Chaudhry Parvez Elahi
On 21 May, the Lahore High Court (LHC) directed the release of Chaudhry Parvez Elahi, President of Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI) and former Punjab Chief Minister. He was granted post-arrest bail by Justice Sultan Tanvir Ahmed in a case pertaining to alleged irregularities in appointments in the Punjab Assembly. The case involves charges under various sections of the Pakistan Penal Code and the Prevention of Corruption Act 1947 and dates back to 3 June, 2023. The judge accepted his bail petition stressing the need for further investigation in the matter. The bail has finally ensured relief for Elahi after almost a year of legal battle fraught with “conditional bail grants and subsequent dismissals.” Earlier, LHC Justice Muhammad Amjad Rafiq had stopped authorities from re-arresting Elahi, however, he was immediately arrested by Islamabad police on his release. Speculations are rife on Elahi’s current release with rumors of his release contingent upon “undisclosed commitments.” (Rana Yasif, “Elahi released without a press conference,” The Express Tribune, 21 May 2024)

Constitution Amendment Bill to bar dual nationality lawyers from becoming judges submitted to NA secretariat
On 22 May, the Constitution Amendment Bill, 2024 was submitted to the National Assembly Secretariat by Noor Alam Khan, a parliamentarian of Jamiat Ulema-e-Pakistan and former chairman of the Public Accounts Committee (PAC). The bill proposes to bar lawyers with dual citizenship or nationality from becoming judges of the Supreme Court or any of the High courts. It also seeks to amend Articles 177, 193, and 208. Further, a person holding dual nationality or citizenship of any other country will also be ineligible to become an officer or servant of any court. was another clause proposed. Stressing the need to ensure the allegiance of judges to the country under Article 5 of the Constitution as they are in a position of “authority and trust,” the bill argues that a person having dual citizenship may not be able to uphold this.(“NA moved to bar dual nationals from becoming judge,” The News International, 22 May 2024)

ECONOMY 
Pakistan’s provisional growth rate for the current fiscal turns positive, agriculture biggest contributor
On 21 May, the National Accounts Committee (NAC) held its 109th meeting under the Secretary of the Planning Ministry, and pegged the provisional GDP growth for FY 2023-24 at 2.38 per cent, a significant improvement from FY 2022-23’s negative growth rate: -0.21 per cent Despite missing the target growth rate of 3.5 per cent, the rate achieved was higher than projected by both the IMF and the World Bank. The projected growth rate, however, is insufficient to tackle issues of poverty and unemployment in the country. The growth was led largely by the agricultural sector which witnessed a provisional growth of 6.25 per cent whereas the industrial and services sector saw 1.21 per cent growth. The per capita income also increased to USD 1680 as compared to USD1568 in the previous year. Agricultural growth was driven by increased productivity of crops like wheat, cotton and rice Sugarcane production and maize production fell as compared to the previous year. Separately, the industrial sector saw growth in the mining and quarrying sectors which is driven by crude oil production, coal, and other minerals like limestone and marble. Additionally, electricity, gas, and water supply industries witnessed negative growth by 10.55 per cent due to subsidies reduction. In the services sector, the wholesale and retail trade expanded. (Mehtab Haider, “GDP worked out to be 2.38pc in FY24,” The News International, 22 May 2024)

EXTERNAL
Foreign Minister Ishaq Dar meets Pakistani nationals injured in Bishkek mob violence
On 21 May, Foreign Minister Ishaq Dar met Pakistani nationals in Bishkek following the recent mob violence the Kyrgyz capital. Immediately after arriving in the country, Dar visited an injured Pakistani national Shahzaib at the National Hospital, Bishkek, who expressed his wish to return to Pakistan. Dar directed for his discharge and he is expected to travel back with the deputy prime minister on a special aircraft. Separately, Pakistan has repatriated 347 more students from Bishkek on 21 May through two special aircraft. In addition, Pakistan International Airlines (PIA) has commissioned two more flights to repatriate students. While addressing the Shanghai Cooperation Organization’s (SCO) Council of Foreign Ministers (CFM), Dar detailed Pakistan’s current priorities are promoting connectivity, transport links, youth empowerment, poverty alleviation and enhanced practical cooperation among SCO member states. The deputy prime minister stressed the need for upholding international law and the UN charter. He emphasized the importance of combating terrorism through collective and cooperative efforts. (Mohammad Asghar, “Ishaq Dar arrives in Bishkek as another 347 students return,” Dawn, 22 May 2024)
 
SECURITY
Checkpost in Panjgur district attacked by unknown armed men
On 21 May, around 20 armed men attacked the Phalabad checkpost in Panjgur district. Five Levies force personnel were taken hostage and their official weapons, mobile phones, vehicle, and motorcycle were snatched. The attackers then escaped by locking the force personnel in a room. A large force of Levies Force rushed to the checkpost and launched a search operation. Following this, a Levies Force personnel found a body in the Jalali-Hak area of Panjgur was later identified as Wasim Ahmed, a resident of Nokabad Tusp, Panjgur.  (Behram Baloch, “Levies Force post attacked in Panjgur,” Dawn, 22 May 2024)

I am deeply grateful to the people of Multan and jiyalas who have once again demonstrated that people, chose positive politics that seeks to address their genuine issues over hate, hypocrisy and perpetual protest. - Bilawal Bhutto Zardari   So, if you make speech in Sindh thats forwarded to Punjab (or concerns anyone in Punjab) you can be sued there. And if for any reason you didn’t get summons or are refused leave, automatic decree follows & u have to deposit 30 lacs b4 appealing or seeking to set aside decree - Salahuddin Ahmed   Political differences aside, NOBODY, and I repeat, NOBODY deserves this type of treatment. PML-N, PPP or PTI, nobody deserves to be attacked like this. I’m a PML-N supporter and I condemn this cowardly attack on Raoof Hasan. Only “cowards” attack like this. He’s old for God’s sake! - Saad Kaiser

“An unsteady government is also using coercive action to silence dissent.” -An opinion in Dawn, ‘A state of chaos’

In Brief
POLITICS
Pakistan announces day of national mourning on the death of Iranian President Raisi
On 20 May, President Asif Ali Zardari and Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif expressed sorrow over the sudden death of Iranian President Ebrahim Raisi, with the government announcing a day of mourning in the country. Zardari noted that during his discussions with Raisi, he found the Iranian president to be “very keen” on strengthening bilateral relations. Highlighting that the Islamic world has lost a leader who supported the Muslim cause, he said that Raisi will be “dearly missed and fondly remembered in Iran, Pakistan, and the Islamic World for his efforts to enhance relations with regional and Islamic countries.” Separately, Sharif announced that Pakistan would observe a day of mourning with the flag flying at half-mast as a mark of respect for Raisi and solidarity with Iran. Describing Raisi and Iranian Foreign Minister Hossein Amir Abdollahian (who also died in the helicopter crash) as “good friends of Pakistan,” he said that Pakistan’s “sympathies and prayers are with the family members of the martyrs and the people of Iran.” Sharif visited the Iranian embassy and called Raisi a “sincere brother with high qualities” whose services to Iran and Paksitan would always be remembered. (“Nation to observe day of mourning on Raisi’s demise,” The Express Tribune, 20 May 2024)
 
Senate Chairman Gilani assumes office of acting president, calls for increased maritime cooperation with Malaysia
On 20 May, Senate Chairman Yousuf Raza Gilani assumed charge as acting president as President Asif Ali Zardari went to UAE for a private visit for four to five days. As per a notification, Zardari made Gilani the acting president and Deputy Senate Chairman Syedaal Khan the acting chairman of the upper house of parliament. After assuming office, Gilani pointed out that “Pakistan and Malaysia enjoy cordial cooperation at all international fora, which need to be further strengthened for the benefit of the two sides.” He made this statement during a meeting which included a delegation of the Chief of the Malaysian Navy, Admiral Tan Sri Abdul Rahman bin Ayob, and Chief of the Naval Staff, Admiral Naveed Ashraf. Gilani expressed satisfaction over the regular conduct of bilateral naval exercises while remaining hopeful that further exploration of avenues of maritime cooperation could cement naval cooperation between the countries. Praising the Malaysian Navy for its regular participation in AMAN exercises, he said “Pakistan is looking forward to the continued support of Malaysia for Pakistan’s bid to become the Full Dialogue Partner of Asean.” Separately, during a special investiture ceremony at the Presidency, Gilani conferred the award of Nishan-i-Imtiaz (Milit­ary) upon Rahman bin Ayob. (Syed Irfan Raza, “Senate Chairman Gilani takes charge as acting president,” Dawn, 21 May 2024)
 
Imran Khan and other PTI leaders acquitted in Azadi March cases by local court
On 20 May, a local court acquitted Imran Khan and other PTI leaders in the cases registered against them two years ago on allegations of violence, riots, obstructing public service, and mischief by fire or explosive substance during the 25 May Azadi March. The cases were registered at Karachi Company in 2022 and registered under sections 109, 148, 149, 188, 427, and 435 of the Pakistan Penal Code in the Karachi company police, with an identical FIR being filed at the Kohsar police station.  Before the judicial magistrate, the counsel for the PTI, Naeem Panjotha, argued that the FIR was invalid as the case was filed by an “unauthorized person,” and claimed there was no video evidence to substantiate the case against Khan. He defended before the court that the cases were baseless and politically motivated. He also claimed that the trees caught fire due to police shelling and PTI was not responsible for it. (“Imran, others acquitted in ‘Azadi March’ violence cases,” Dawn, 21 May 2024)
 
PkMAP chief warns of resistance towards attempts to impose martial law
On 20 May, the Pashtunkhwa Milli Awami Party Chief (PkMAP), Mehmood Khan Achakzai, in a seminar organized by Tehreek-i-Tahafuz-i-Aain-i-Pakistan at the National Press Club, warned any attempt to impose martial law in the country will be resisted. He asserted: “So far, we have faced three martial laws. I want to make it clear that if the Constitution is derailed again, we will take to the streets to protect it.” Achakzai lamented that despite having “all the blessings of God,” the country is still lagging due to the hindrance in the implementation of the constitution. To solve this, he advised all institutions to stick to their constitutionally determined domains to prevent difficulties in keeping “the country united.” He claimed that there is “immense pressure” on the judiciary to rule in favour of influential people. Further, Achakzai questioned why “some institutions” feel that they are being spoken against whenever discussions regarding the Constitution are held. (Ikram Junaidi, “Attempt to impose martial law will be resisted, says Mehmood Khan Achakzai,” Dawn, 21 May 2024)
 
ECONOMY
Report says power sector contributed the most to circular debt in first seven months of FY24
On 20 May, Dawn reported on the recent data published by the Power Division of the Ministry of Energy, as per which the circular debt surpassed PKR 2.636 trillion in the first seven months of FY24, with a PKR 463 billion increase from January to July. Though the government had committed to containing it within PKR 2.31 trillion, circular debt rose by PKR 84 billion in January 2024 to reach PKR 2.63 trillion. Despite the repeated tariff increases through base annual tariffs, quarterly adjustments, and fuel cost adjustments it continued to rise. The Circular Debt Report of January 2024 pointed toward a sustained upward trend in debt during both FY24 and FY23. This increase in circular debt can be attributed to poor recoveries by distribution companies, high system losses, pending generation costs, non-payments by K-Electric, and interest charges regardless of the government's efforts to recover PKR 116 billion from consumers. However, the biggest increase of PKR 284 billion was caused by distribution companies, up by 19 per cent. This included PKR 198 billion under-recoveries, with the government claiming the cost of Discos’ inefficiency losses at PKR 86 billion, an increase by 25 per cent from last year.
 
With the report being made public while talks with the IMF are ongoing, the government wrote to the IMF that “Pakistan’s ongoing sustainability will be at risk” without addressing energy sector viability. It also committed to continuing “regular, timely, and automatic notifications of adjustments to natural gas and electricity tariffs in a manner that is consistent with full cost recovery and to reduce natural gas price disparities between regions and industries and within industries.” Further, the government will find “cost reductions” and also “accelerate structural reforms to address the sector’s fundamental issues, including reforming the governance of Discos, moving captive power demand to the electricity grid, finalising a proposal on tube well subsidy reform by end-FY24 and expanding renewable energy capacity.” (Khaleeq Kiani, “Circular debt over Rs2.6tr, surpassing govt commitments,” Dawn, 20 May 2024)
 
EXTERNAL
Government committed to ensuring the safety of Pakistani students in Bishkek, says information minister
On 20 May, Dawn reported that the Pakistani government assured over 500 students who came from Kyrgyzstan via special flights, that it would facilitate their return once the “alarming situation” in Bishkek stabilizes. Despite the government saying a day earlier that the situation in the capital was under control, Information Minister Attaullah Tarar said there was an “alarming situation” in Bishkek. While receiving 170 students who landed in Lahore, he assured that “all possible measures will be taken to facilitate the students returning from Bishkek.” Tarar also explained how Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif had been in contact with the Pakistani ambassador in Bishkek to address their concerns, and how the government is “committed to ensuring the safety and education of Pakistani students.” After students who returned to Pakistan expressed concerns over not being able to complete their education, the Pakistani embassy in Kyrgyzstan asked students wishing to return to share their contact information. (Mohammad Asghar & Zulqernain Tahir, “Over 500 more students repatriated from Bishkek,” Dawn, 21 May 2024)
 
Pakistani and Turkish foreign ministers agree to increase bilateral trade to USD five billion
On 20 May, Foreign Minister Ishaq Dar spoke at the Foreign Office (FO) after meeting Turkish Foreign Minister Hakan Fidan and stated that both countries have agreed on increasing annual bilateral trade to USD five billion and intensifying their defence collaboration. Currently, the annual bilateral trade volume stands at USD one billion. Both sides went over the state of bilateral relations and discussed arrangements for the upcoming seventh session of the Pakistan-Turkey High-Level Strategic Cooperation Council (HLSCC). Dar said that the next meeting, which will be hosted by Pakistan and co-chaired by chief executives of both countries, would be held “very soon.” An FO statement added that mutually beneficial cooperation would be strengthened in the fields of trade, investment, defence, and security. Dar recalled the history of defence collaboration between the two countries and appreciated Turkey’s “firm and consistent support” for the people of Kashmir. The two leaders also spoke on regional and global issues, including the rise in Islamophobia and the ongoing crisis in Gaza. They called for an immediate and unconditional ceasefire, highlighted the need for humanitarian aid, and the importance of establishing an independent Palestinian state. (Baqir Sajjad Syed, “Pakistan, Turkiye vow to hike trade to $5bn,” Dawn, 21 May 2024)
 
SECURITY
Amnesty International chief expresses concern over the “shrinking” space for free speech in Pakistan
On 21 May, Dawn reported that during an interview it held with Amnesty International’s Secretary General Dr Agnès Callamard, the chief contended that while the military trials for civilians are a “no-no” under international law, it has “sadly” happened “throughout Pakistan’s political history.” She underlined the importance of the principles of transparency, due process, and judicial independence, urging Pakistan to uphold the same and guarantee its right to a fair trial. Callamard asserted: “The use of military courts is threatening the constitutionality of what’s happening right now.” On the “disproportionate, unnecessary” ban on X which went “against international law,” she expressed concern over how the “space for free speech in Pakistan is shrinking.” The chief claimed that in Pakistan, “everything is being targeted, the means of expression and the people who are expressing themselves. This includes journalists.” Given this situation, she advised Pakistan to “do the opposite of what it is doing right now.” (Niha Dagia, “Military trials of civilians ‘no-no’ in international law,” Dawn, 21 May 2024)
 
PROVINCES
Punjab: Assembly passes Defamation Bill, 2024, amid SIC protests
On 20 May, the Punjab Assembly passed the Defamation Bill, 2024, deciding to reject all the amendments put forward by the opposition, resulting in protests by the SIC and journalists. After the PML-N government refused to delay voting on the bill, the bill was tabled by Punjab’s Finance Minister Mujtaba Shajaur Rehman. Press gallery members boycotted the proceedings and rejected the bill for being a “curb on free media.” This draft law proposes a special tribunal to try individuals involved in drafting, publishing, or airing “fake news.” It gives the tribunal the power to decide the case within six months and impose a fine of up to PKR three million. The high court will hear the case in case the allegations are against individuals holding constitutional posts. Further, the bill says the government will give legal assistance to women and transgender individuals in defamation cases through an official legal team. As the government earlier did not agree to send the draft bill to a selected committee which had opposition members, opposition leader Ahmed Khan Bhachhar questioned why the treasury was “in a hurry to pass the bill before midnight.”
 
A PTI-backed SIC member, Rana Shahbaz Ahmed, also claimed that opposition members of the special committee were not there during the vetting of the bill, while PTI-backed SIC lawmaker Ahmar Rashid Bhatti said the law violated Articles 8, 202 and 203. Another concern raised by PTI-backed SIC lawmaker Jam Amanullah was that the law would benefit SHOs and ‘shoe-shiners,’ a term for individuals with close connections to the military establishment. Following the boycott, journalists protested against the “black law” outside the assembly building. Lahore Press Club’s President Arshad Ansari said that the government did not agree to postpone the bill’s approval for a week, during which time the stakeholders could reach a consensus on the matter. He also said that since Punjab Chief Minister Maryam Nawaz’s “party’s government in the federation,” Punjab is “implementing laws aimed at gagging the media.” (Amjad Mahmood, “Amid protests, Punjab Assembly passes defamation law,” Dawn, 21 May 2024)

I have received with great concern news about the health of His Majesty King Salman bin Abdulaziz. His Majesty is not only a loyal friend of Pakistan, but in his capacity as Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques, he is a leader, pioneer and guide for the entire Islamic nation. The entire Pakistani Muslim people join me in praying to the Almighty, the Almighty, to grant His Majesty a complete and speedy recovery and a speedy return to full health. - Shehbaz Sharif   Elections in 50 days in #Iran must be held as per their constitution following the President’s death who was widely believed to be the successor of the spiritual leader the Ayatollah Seyyed Ali Hosseini Khamenei - Reham Khan   God willing, this system is going to be defeated very soon. Victory is always for truth and the people of Pakistan are standing with truth at this time, God willing - Shahnawaz Gujjar

“There is no official law — just the official who is the law.” -An opinion in Dawn, ‘Law that rules’

In Brief
ECONOMY
Finance minister considers SMEs, tech, and agriculture as three priority sectors
On 20 May, Dawn reported that during a meeting with a delegation of the Pakistan Banks’ Association, the Federal Minister for Finance and Revenue, Mohammad Aurangzeb, said that the banking sector’s recommendations for the three priority sectors of small and medium enterprises (SMEs), digital and technology, agriculture, are crucial for growth and sustainability. He expressed hope that the “banks will continue to work with the government in the revival and growth of the economy.” The purpose of this initiative, as per the minister, is to encourage the entire sector to contribute to these priority fields as per their size through the use of voluntary targets and not “directed lending.” For the agricultural sector, recommendations included restructuring crop loan insurance schemes, revitalizing agricultural cooperative banks, and upgrading provincial agricultural cooperative legislation. During the meeting, focus was placed on enhancing banks’ support for these sectors. PBA Chairman Zafar Masud presented multiple recommendations developed in consultation with the State Bank of Pakistan (SBP). (Khalid Hasnain, “Banking sector proposals critical for SMEs, tech and agriculture, says Aurangzeb,” Dawn, 20 May 2024)

POLITICS
PTI alleges violations of polling rules in NA-148 by-polls
On 19 May, the PTI alleged violations of polling rules and rigging in the National Assembly 148 Multan by-election, claiming that the Sunni Ittehad Council (SIC) candidate Barrister Taimur Malik and his representatives were not permitted inside the returning officer’s (RO) office to oversee the compilation of results. The party warned that if any SIC candidate was not permitted inside, then it had the right to reject the election. PTI leader Zain Qureshi asserted: “We are protesting peacefully against this blatant violation. I urge the Multan administration to allow our candidate to enter the RO office. Any result issued without our candidate’s presence will not be accepted, and the party reserves the right to a peaceful protest as guaranteed by the Constitution.” Taimur Malik took to X to question why the system is “against a free and fair conclusion to the election process” and continues to “repeatedly suppress the public’s will.” Why does it repeatedly suppress the public’s will? The people of NA-148 and Multan know the actual result. He also called on the Election Commission of Pakistan to carry out free and fair elections. (Imran Adnan, “PTI slams ‘violation of rules’ in NA-148 by-polls,” The Express Tribune, 20 May 2024)
 
EXTERNAL
Pakistan to contest UNSC elections for the eighth time, promises to boost developing countries
On 20 May, The Express Tribune reported that while vying to secure a UN Security Council (UNSC) seat for the eighth time, Pakistan’s Ambassador to the UN, Munir Akram, pledged that the country would articulate the aspirations of developing countries, work towards securing peace in the Middle East and Africa, and promote the right of self-determination for people under foreign occupation. Elections for five of the non-permanent seats will take place on 6 June, and Pakistan currently has the endorsement of the 55-member Asian Group. Akram made this statement during a video conference with members of the US-based Pakistan Students Association Coalition (PSA Coalition), adding that if elected, Pakistan would play a leadership role in addressing “issues like Kashmir, Afghanistan and counterterrorism.” The PSA Coalition comprises US-based Pakistani student associations from multiple colleges, committed to preserving the Pakistani identity and traditions. On Kashmir, Akram said that the UNSC resolutions provided the realization of the right to self-determination by Kashmiris, and asserted that the Indian government could not alter the international status of the dispute. He highlighted Pakistan’s two-time role as the President of the UN Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC), in which the country advocated vaccine equality and the creation of new money for developing countries to help them combat COVID-19. Currently, Pakistan is asking “for redistribution of the unused SDRs among those developing countries that are in acute need to realize their commitment to Sustainable Development Goals and deal with the challenges of climate change.” (“Pakistan pledges to promote peace after becoming UNSC member,” The Express Tribune¸ 20 May 2024)
 
SOCIETY
Teachers organizations in Punjab form committee to protest proposed privatization of schools
On 19 May, The Express Tribune reported that a group of teachers’ organizations in Punjab announced a demonstration opposing the handing over of 13,000 government schools to non-government organisations (NGOs), deeming the decision as an attempt to privatize public education. Leaders from the Punjab Teachers Union, Punjab Educators Association, and SS Teachers Association formed a joint action committee to lead the protests. From 20 May, teachers will be wearing a black band on their arms while performing their duties. The committee will publish an action plan for the protest. Teacher union leaders Muhammad Shafiq Bhalwalia and Malik Amjad said that the privatization would lead to the commercialization of school property, resulting in increased fees and a rise in out-of-school children. There is also a fear of a reduction in teaching and non-teaching staff in the government. The protestors accused Punjab Chief Minister Maryam Nawaz words of deviating from her pre-poll promise of not privatizing schools and demanded for cancellation of the plan. (Qaiser Shirazi, “Teachers launch protest drive against privatisation,” The Express Tribune, 19 May 2024)
 
PR EXCLUSIVE UPDATE #16
PUNJAB WHEAT CRISIS
Punjab Food Department spokesperson clarifies “misinterpretation” of a notification
On 19 May, a spokesperson for the Punjab Food Department clarified that there has not been any restriction on wheat transportation, in response to a notification issued two days before which gave the impression that the government was banning inter-provincial wheat movement. He added the officers posted at check posts will keep a record of grain transports to check the quantity of grain sent to each district and province. The department blamed a “misrepresentation” of the notification for the ensuing confusion. Additionally, the spokesperson said that elements were linking a letter written by the federal government to prevent the smuggling of items with the transportation of wheat. (Amjad Mahmood and Ikram Junaidi, “No ban on wheat movement, says Punjab Food Department,” Dawn, 20 May 2024)

Deeply concerned to learn of the helicopter incident in East Azarbaijan, Iran, involving President Raeisi and Foreign Minister Hossein Amir-Abdollahian. Our thoughts are with them, and with the brotherly people of Iran, during this critical time. We earnestly pray for their safety and swift recovery. - Bilawal Bhutto Zardari   Even if our rulers remain silent, the people of Pakistan stand with the people of Gaza. Participants in the Gaza Million March in Peshawar sent a powerful message to their Palestinian brothers and sisters: the Ummah stands firmly with you. Victory is destined for you! The defeat of Israel and its supporters is not far off. Those who collaborate and cooperate with Israel will soon face humiliation. - Naeem ur Rehman   Pakistan has lost a dear friend. I express my grief & sorrow over the death of my friend President of Iran, Seyed Ibrahim Raisi, FM Hossein Amirabdollahian & their companions. Mr Raisi was a hardworking & principled leader, representing a strong nation, with a clear vision for the independent & dignified stature of the Islamic world. Personally, I found him a very intelligent man, with a cheerful and charming personality. May his soul rest in peace and may Allah (SWT) award the shaheed a place in Jannah. I also offer my condolences to our brother Irani nation and exhort them to continue moving towards their goals with patience and perseverance. My nation is with you in this moment of crisis and grief. - Dr Arif Alvi

“A new generation of educated young people is redefining politics in AJK and GB” -An opinion in Dawn, ‘AJK and GB movements’

In Brief
EXTERNAL
Pakistani students in Kyrgyzstan’s capital Bishkek attacked by “local mobs”
On 17 May, Pakistani students studying in Kyrgyzstan’s capital Bishkek were attacked by “local mobs”. Videos of the attacks surfaced on social media where locals were harassing and attacking students and the latter pleading for help from their home country. Multiple casualties were also alleged. However, Pakistan’s ambassador to Bishkek, Hasan Zaigham has denied any casualties or rape but affirmed “many injuries.” In the aftermath of the attack, he took to X to advise the students and wrote “In view of mob violence around student hostels in Bishkek, the embassy strongly advise all Pakistani students in Bishkek to stay indoors until the situation return to normal.” On 18 May, Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Ishaq Dar termed the attacks “deeply concerning and stated on X “We have established contact with the Kyrgyz authorities to ensure protection of Pakistani students.” Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif also issued a statement assuring that he was “constantly monitoring the situation”. In a statement on X, he stated  “Deeply concerned over the situation of Pakistani students in Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan. I have directed Pakistan’s Ambassador to provide all necessary help and assistance.” According to information provided by Pakistan’s Embassy in Bishkek, foreign students, including those from Pakistan, were attacked “by locals in the aftermath of their brawl with Egyptian nationals a few days ago.” (“Mobs attack Pakistani students in Kyrgyz capital Bishkek,” The Express Tribune, 18 May 2024 & “Foreign Minister Dar ‘extremely’ concerned by reports of mob violence against Pakistanis in Kyrgyzstan’s Bishkek,” Dawn, 18 May 2024)

SECURITY
Second girls' school bombed in KP within a span of eight days
On 17 May, militants bombed Sofia Noor School, a high school for girls in Wana tehsil of South Waziristan in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) province. No casualty has been reported, however, a portion of the school building was destroyed as a result of the attack. Earlier, on 9 May, another girls school, Islamia Girls School, was bombed in Sheva town of North Waziristan making the recent attack the second one in a span of eight days. After the attack, there were claims of extortion demands making rounds on the social media which the locals have “categorically denied.” However, a senior member of the Wana Welfare Association, which has helped in establishing the school, told the Associated Press of Pakistan “About a month ago, we received a letter from a militant group demanding a specific portion of our funding. A few days later, another letter was thrown into our office, demanding a payment of 10 million rupees (USD 36,000).” He also alluded to threat calls being made from Afghan numbers and alleged involvement of local Taliban factions in the extortion demands. The consecutive attacks have generated fear among the residents and are a grave reminder of similar attacks over a decade back “when hundreds of schools were bombed, torched or attacked with automatic weapons in different parts” of KP. (Javed Aziz Khan, “Militants bomb girls school in Waziristan,” The News International, 18 May 2024)

JUDICIARY
SC issues show-cause notices to Senator Faisal Vawda and MQM-P leader Mustafa Kamal over press conferences
On 17 May, a three-judge bench of the of the Supreme Court headed by Chief Justice of Pakistan (CJP) Qazi Faez Isa and comprising Justice Irfan Saadat Khan and Justice Naeem Akhtar Afghan heard a suo motu case on press conferences given by independent Senator Faisal Vawda and Muttahida Qaumi Movement-Pakistan’s (MQM-P) leader Mustafa Kamal. The judges issued show-cause notices to the two lawmakers and directed them to explain their position 5 June. The court also directed Pakistan Electronic Media Regulatory Authority (Pemra) to make available the complete transcriptions of both conferences. Referring to Faisal Vawda’s press conference, the court noted that the senator had discussed matters that are sub-judice and leveled serious allegations against the judiciary and the judges. On Mustafa Kamal’s presser, the court remarked that prima facia a contempt of court was made out. The CJI asked the AAG Aamir Rehman to read out Article 204 of the Constitution and warned that “No one will be allowed to harm the institutions,” referring to the judiciary. The CJI also remarked that despite the availability of “a protected forum” which is the parliament, the lawmakers chose to use a public forum. However, he also reiterated that “discussions about the judges’ conduct are not permissible in Parliament.” (Sohail Khan, “Even parliament can’t discuss judges’ conduct: CJP,” The News International, 18 May 2024 & Sabih Ul Hussnain, “Anti-Judiciary Remarks: Supreme Court Issues Notices To Faisal Vawda, Mustafa Kamal,” The Friday Times, 17 May 2024)
 
ECONOMY
Government decides to form a commission chaired by the PM to digitize economy
On 18 May, The Express Tribune reported that the government has planned to constitute a commission under the Digital National Framework in order to digitize the economy. The commission will be chaired by PM Shehbaz Sharif. Minister of State for IT and Telecommunication, Shaza Fatima, made the announcement at an event organized by Huawei Technologies in Islamabad to commemorate World Telecom Day. She revealed the government’s intention to digitize the economy “recognizing the need for automation to enhance transparency and infrastructure development in light of a paradigm shift.” She also revealed that policies related to increasing exports with regard to mobile manufacturing and exports were in the final stage of formulation. Mobile phone exports from the country currently amount to 0.2 million units. Underscoring government’s commitment to digital transformation, the minister revealed that several steps were being taken to affirm “every citizen’s right to quality Internet and broadband facilities.” She highlighted initiatives such as the National Fiberisation Policy and the Smartphone for All Policy in this regard. She also highlighted “Pakistan’s immense potential in the ICT space” and government schemes aimed at to boosting the sector, “including awarding of  85 projects worth PKR 80 billion to expand internet access in underserved areas through the Universal Service Fund (USF).” She reiterated government’s commitment towards bridging the urban-rural digital divide. (Zafar Bhutta, “Govt to establish commission to digitise economy,” The Express Tribune, 18 May 2024)
 
No decision on another loan right now, says IMF
On 16 May, in a news briefing in Washington, the IMF’s Director of Communications Julie Kozack confirmed the presence of an IMF delegation Islamabad and its talks with Pakistani authorities. On the question of whether a staff-level agreement on a new loan was imminent or the talks “preliminary, she stated that “On Pakistan, given that there is a mission on the ground, we will wait for them to complete their work and we will communicate the findings of the mission in due course, including, I think, some answers to your questions.” She also provided an update on the second review of the Stand-by Arrangement for Pakistan by the IMF Executive Board, stating that “The completion by our Board of the second and final review of the Stand-by Arrangement reflected the authorities’ strong policy efforts during the time of the standby, which did help stabilise the economy.” (Anwar Iqbal, “Still too early to talk about new loan: IMF,” Dawn, 18 May 2024)
 
PROVINCES
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: KP CM threatens to takeover Pesco’s headquarters over load-shedding
On 17 May, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Chief Minister Ali Amin Gandapur issued another warning to the federal government over load-shedding in the province and threatened to take over the Peshawar Electric Supply Company (Pesco)’s headquarters if the problem is not solved within 15 days. In response to CM’s earlier warning, Pesco Chief Executive Hameed Akhtar Khan had agreed to revise the loadshedding schedule. However, the CM alleged that the Ministry of Power and Energy and Pesco had not heeded to his request. In his recent warning in the KP assembly, he stated “I will not remain silent on the issue of loadshedding and KP’s rights. I will take extreme measures if my province is denied its due rights.” Highlighting the problem of arrears, he revealed that “The federal government also owes the province PKR 1510 billion in net hydel profit, which has yet to be paid.” He also revealed that the province had not received any funds for terrorism and pegged the owed amount at PKR 16 billion. He further threatened to constitute a fact-finding mission comprising elected representatives to look into the decisions of the previous caretaker government. (Mushtaq Yusufzai, “KP CM gives Centre 15 days to resolve arrears, power issues,” The News International, 18 May 2024)
 
Punjab: Heatwave conditions to persist over the next four weeks
On 18 May, Dawn reported that in lieu of the Meteorological Department’s warning of imminent heatwaves in the province, it is boosting its preparedness. On 16 May, the Meteorological Department warned of severe heatwave like conditions across the country with “dust storms, thunderstorms, and heavy rains in the country’s northern areas.” The advisory especially highlighted imminent “heatwave conditions” in Punjab and Sindh from 21 May and a “severe heatwave” from 23-27 May. Temperatures in Punjab have already reached the 45-degree mark in many parts including cities like Faisalabad and Sahiwal. According to the met office, there is a possibility of further rise by six to eight degrees Celsius over the next few days. In response to the warning and advisory, Irfan Ali Kathia, the director general of Provincial Disaster Management Authority (PDMA), entailed steps that are being taken to deal with the situation: Since, Bahawalpur, Bahawal­nagar, Rahim Yar Khan and Cholistan will probably be most affected, “medical camps, water points and shaded areas are being ensured.” Locally made umbrellas will be made available to the laborers and water bowsers would be used to ensure water availability for both humans and animals in areas deep in the desert. Dawn correspondents, however, did not witness any such activities in the aforementioned districts. (Ahmad Fraz Khan, “Sizzling Punjab dreads imminent heatwave,” Dawn, 18 May 2024 & Jamal Shahid, “Heatwaves to sweep country from 21^st,” Dawn, 17 May 2024)

“Inflation hits hard as Pakistan grapples with its worst economic downturn in 50 years. A daunting 38 per cent inflation rate shakes the nation.” -Farooq Khan “According to Pakistan’s Embassy in Bishkek, foreign students living in the Kyrgyz capital, including those from Pakistan, were attacked by locals in the aftermath of their brawl with Egyptian nationals a few days ago.” -Asad Ali Toor “This whole system is based on a lie, its only purpose is to protect the lie.The President, the Prime Minister and the Chief Minister are all representatives of this false system who have been falsely placed on these chairs and have no authority whatsoever -ImranKhanPTI

“Reforms are old policies packaged in novel titles.” -An opinion in Dawn, ‘Education delusion’

In Brief
EXTERNAL
Pakistanis own USD 11 billion worth property in Dubai: Report
On 14 May, the Organised Crime and Corruption Reporting Project’s (OCCRP) Dubai Unlocked Project revealed data showing that as per latest property leaks, several key Pakistanis, including political figures, former military officials, and bureaucrats, own high-end properties in Dubai. The combined value of these properties owned by Pakistanis has been estimated to be around USD 11 billion. This ‘Dubai Unlocked’ project is based on data providing a detailed insight into hundreds of thousands of properties in Dubai, their ownership and usage, from 2020 and 2022. The Centre for Advanced Studies (C4ADS) in Washington had obtained this data, which was then shared with Norwegian financial outlet E24 and the OCCRP, which conducted a six-month investigative project. This investigation included reporters from 74 media outlets in 58 countries, and uncovered names of convicted criminals, fugitives, and political figures who have recently owned at least one piece of real estate in Dubai. President Asif Ali Zardari’s three children, Interior Minister Mohsin Naqvi’s wife, PPP Chairman Bilawal Bhutto Zardari and his siblings, and Sindh Information Minister Sharjeel Memom, are among the Pakistanis listed. 

In response to the data, Zardari’s spokesperson Zulfikar Ali Bader said that this information had been declared and was available on the Election Commission of Pakistan’s (ECP) website, with “nothing new or illegal” in the data. He warned that “action or insinuation based on defamation will be challenged in the relevant forums.” PPP’s Vice President Sherry Rehman also termed the data as a “failed attempt to find corruption” in Zardari’s properties. Separately, Naqvi said the property bought in his wife’s name was “fully declared and listed in tax returns,” and was also “declared in returns submitted to the ECP as caretaker chief minister of Punjab.” PTI maverick Sher Afzal Marwat also acknowledged that he owned an apartment in Dubai, saying that he had “declared with all regulatory authorities of Pakistan including FBR” and the ECP. (“Latest leaks reveal several Pakistanis own properties in Dubai,” The News International¸14 May 2024; “‘Nothing new or illegal’: Pakistani politicians named in Dubai property data defend ownership, downplay report,” Dawn, 14 May 2024)

POLITICS
PTI sets tough conditions for reconciliatory talks with the ruling coalition
On 14 May, the PTI showed willingness to engage in conciliatory discussions with the ruling coalition subject to certain tough conditions being met, including the withdrawal of all cases against Imran Khan. Some of the party’s lawmakers put this offer forth during a debate on President Asif Zardari’s address to a joint sitting of the parliament. PTI’s Ali Muhammad Khan stated: “We believe that if Pakistan is to be put on the right track, then we [the politicians] will have to make decisions. We do not need any broker, dealer or individual who brings us to sit together.” Calling on the speaker to take initiative, he said the party’s first point was the release of Imran Khan and other “political prisoners,” along with the withdrawal of all “political cases.” Muhammad Khan also spoke about the army, saying: “If you [army] will remain within your [constitutional] limits, we will salute you and if you will come here [in politics], then there will be problems and protests.” Additionally, PTI MNA Ali Sarfaraz called for the release of PTI activists and leaders, and asked the government to hand over the people’s “stolen mandate.” (Amir Wasim, “PTI puts tough terms for talks with govt,” Dawn, 15 May 2024)
 
ECONOMY
PM Sharif announces plans to privatize all SOEs except strategic ones
On 14 May, Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif announced plans to privatize all state-owned enterprises (SOEs) except strategic entities, after chairing a review meeting on matters relating to the Ministry of Privatization and Privatization Commission. He explained that both profit and loss-making SOEs would be privatized, and instructed the federal ministers to cooperate with the Privatization Commission and ensure a transparent process. Sharif added that while the government is not responsible for conducting business, it has to ensure a business and investment- friendly environment. Additionally, he issued a direction to televise the Pakistan International Airlines (PIA) Company Limited’s privatization process. During the meeting, the ministry presented the plan of the Privatization Programme 2024-2029 and was then told that the privatization of the SOEs and pre-qualification process for the PIA should be completed by the end of May. It was also decided that loss-making companies should be privatized on a priority, with a pre-qualified panel of experts to be appointed by the Privatization Commission to speed up the process. Earlier on 12 May, Finance Minister Muhammad Aurangzeb stated: “You have to move towards privatisation if you want economic stability in the country.” (“PM Shehbaz announces privatisation of all SOEs apart from strategic ones,” The News International, 14 May 2024)

SECURITY
Army officer, three terrorists killed in intelligence-based operation in Balochistan
On 14 May, the Inter-Services Public Relations (ISPR) confirmed that during an intelligence-based operation in Balochistan’s Zhob district, an army officer and three terrorists were killed. This operation was conducted in the Sambaza area, and during the “conduct of the operation, own troops effectively engaged the terrorists’ location.” Following this, “weapons, ammunition, and explosives were also recovered from the killed terrorists.” A sanitization operation was underway to ensure the complete elimination of any remaining terrorists. The ISPR also asserted: “Security forces of Pakistan, in step with the nation, remain determined to thwart attempts of sabotaging peace, stability and progress of Balochistan, and such sacrifices of our brave soldiers further strengthen our resolve.” (“Army officer martyred, three terrorists slain in Zhob operation: ISPR,” The Express Tribune, 14 May 2024)
 
PIPS report says provincial CTDs do not have clarity on militant dynamics
On 14 May, the Pak Institute for Peace Studies (PIPS) released a report titled ‘Pakistan’s Evolving Militant Landscape: State Responses and Policy Options,’ where it pointed out that provincial counterterrorism departments (CTDs) do not have enough clarity on militant groups’ dynamics, and connections and operational strategies. Though these CTDs have their own specialized intelligence units to study militant behaviour, they are unable to process data effectively and thus stay dependent on premier intelligence agencies. Except in Punjab, CTDs face the problem of funding issues. The report recommended the establishment of a robust implementation mechanism for national extremism and security policies, and the pursuit of changes in foreign policies, specifically that of neighbours like Afghanistan and India. Deteriorating relations with Afghanistan and a lack of state-to-state engagement have increased the challenge of addressing cross-border terrorism, with the Tehreek-i-Taliban Pakistan (TTP) emerging as a major source of tension. The report stated: “Ultimately, resolving bilateral challenges hinges on Pakistan’s sustained engagement with the Taliban-led interim government in Kabul.”

On the unrest in Balochistan, the report highlighted the need to reduce the appeal of insurgent ideology among the Baloch people by winning the hearts and minds of the people. The government has to make a plan to prevent Baloch insurgents and the TTP from exploiting the issue of enforced disappearances and extra-judicial killings to win support. One of the findings of the report pointed out that since August 2021, Pakistan has seen a surge in terrorist violence, specifically in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) and Balochistan. It lamented: “Experts believe that Pakistan’s counterterrorism and extremism frameworks are outdated, failing to address evolving threats. Despite successful operations from 2009 to 2019, violence reduction led to complacency, allowing radicalisation to persist and threats to mutate.” (Iftikhar A Khan, “CTDs lack clarity on militant groups’ dynamics, operational strategies: report,” Dawn, 15 May 2024)
 
PAKISTAN OCCUPIED KASHMIR
JAAC leaders call for protests after government accepts demands
On 14 May, the leaders of the Joint Awami Action Committee (JAAC) announced an end to their protests after the government accepted their demands for reduced prices of wheat flour and electricity, and a review of the “luxuries” of the privileged class. They also declared a shutdown until 1500 hours as a mark of mourning over the death of three residents allegedly killed by paramilitary force Rangers. JAAC leader Shaukat Nawaz Mir condemned the “state terrorism,” demanding punishment for the killers, a judicial inquiry into police action, and the release of detained activists. The leaders also vowed to continue fighting for their rights and resources. Meanwhile, Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif expressed grief over the loss of lives during the protests, saying he would visit the Pakistan occupied Kashmir (PoK) capital shortly to hold consultations over the issue. He described the region as the “jugular vein of Pakistan,” and thanked all stakeholders involved for their support leading up to the acceptance of the protestors’ demands.

Concerning news about guards at Adiala being changed, family visit allowance taken away and trial not being held for a case. We demand answers! -PTI   CM Maryam Nawaz is uplifting and empowering young girls at all levels. They are her real strength. -PMLN   President AAliZardari visits the Green Pakistan Initiative Headquarters in Rawalpindi, where he was given a detailed briefing about the Initiative, Land Information and Management System operations. -PPP

“Israel’s extension of the war to Rafah has intensified public outrage the world over.” -An opinion in Dawn, ‘Unending genocidal war’

In Brief
POLITICS
ECP suspends 77 candidates elected on reserved seats of the SIC
On 13 May, the Election Commission of Pakistan (ECP) issued a notification that suspended 77 candidates elected onthe reserved seats in the national and provincial assemblies following the Supreme Court’s order on the Sunni Ittehad Council (SIC)’s case. The suspended 77 legislators include 44 from PML-N, 15 from PPPP, 13 from JUI-F, and one each from PML-Z, PTI, PML, MQM, and IPP. In the National Assembly, f 22 elected members on reserved seats were suspended including 19 women and three minority members. Similarly, the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Assembly witnessed suspension of 21 women and four minority members and the Punjab Assembly saw the suspension of 24 women and three minority members. Likewise in the Sindh Assembly, two women and one minority member got suspended. Earlier, on 6 May, the Supreme Court had approved the petition filed by the SIC and rejected the decision of the ECP and the Peshawar High Court to allot reserved seats of SIC to other parties. (Mumtaz Alvi, “ECP suspends 77 MPs on reserved seats under SC order,” The News International, 14 May 2024)
 
Opposition Leader and Defence Minister put forth differing interpretations of Article 6 in NA
On 13 May, the National Assembly witnessed heated arguments between opposition Leader Omar Ayub and Defence Minister Khawaja Asif due to differeing interpretations of Article 6. Omar Ayub began his address by referring to articles of the Constitution and calling for security agencies to respect the boundaries mandated. He criticized the Inter-Services Public Relations (ISPR) Director General (DG)’s press conference and cautioned that the Security agencies should not interfere in politics as per the Constitution and underscored, that they were “tools of the state, not the state itself.” In his address, he referred to Articles7, 203, 5, 6, and 19. He lauded that Article Six was clear in setting boundaries, underlining, “Constitutionally, every institution has its limits, the country will progress if every institution works within its limits.” He further demanded the formation of a Judicial Commission to investigate the 9 May violence. Referring to the ISPR DG’s press meet, he demanded the reports of the Ojhri Camp disaster, the Hamoodur Rehman Commission, the Army Public School inquiry, and the Abbottabad commission to make it public. In response to the opposition leaders’ remarks, Khawaja Asif reiterated that he supported “the demand for Article 6 proceedings against violators of the Constitution” but it should apply “to everyone one by one.” (“Heated NA session as govt, opposition advocate Article 6 from different perspectives,” Dawn, 13 May 2024)
 
Confidential data leak will be punishable under Official Secrets Act, warns Defence Minister
On 13 May, Defence Minister Khawaja Asif onX, warned that action would be taken against those involved in leaking the confidential documents and information which are marked as “secrets” from official correspondence under the Official Secrets Act, 2023. He argued that spreading of secret information will have consequences on Pakistan’s strategic and economic interests. He further stated: “Those sharing such documents will face two-year imprisonment and a fine.”   In response to this, former president of the Pakistan Federal Union of Journalists, Nasir Zaid stated that the government seems to be under confusion: “This government will also face public reaction, just like previous governments who tried to curb freedom of expression and media freedom.” Separately, the Digital rights activist Haroon Baloch highlighted the Pakistan Electronic Crime Authority (Peca) Act, 2016 which had raised concerns that it was aimed at restricting the flow of information in the country. Additionally, Nighat Dad, executive director of Digital Rights recommended enacting of a data protection law in the country instead of restricting free flow of information in the digital space and otherwise.(Kalbe Ali, “Confidential data leak to attract trial under Secrets Act,” Dawn, 14 May 2024)
 
Imran Khan to write to army chief over recent protests in PoK
On 13 May, Imran Khan disclosed that he would write a letter to the army chief referring to the ongoing protests in Pakistan Occupied Kashmir in which a police man had died amid clashes between the police and the protestors. Hestated that : “Very soon, I will write a letter to the army chief about the situation in the country. I am predicting that June and July will be very difficult for this government. Even the salaried class people will come out due to new taxes in the [next] budget and increase in electricity and gas prices.”  He highlighted the tax collection of PKR13.3 trillion in which PKR 9.3 trillion was paid as interest on loans and showed concern over no development in the country and the decline in investments. He highlighted his role in establishing the Al-Qadir Trust University which provides free education to children in response to absence of private universities in villages. He further argued that there was no questioning of his political rivals, Nawaz Sharif and Asif Zardari’s actions. On a query regarding removal of Sher Afzal Marwat from the party’s committees, he replied that Marwat used to attack party leaders and made controversial statements despite his great work for the party. (Imran Asghar, “Imran intends to write to army chief on current situation,” The Express Tribune, 13 May 2024)
 
ECONOMY
Pakistan – IMF refrain from labeling discussions as “programme negotiations”
On 13 May, Pakistan refrained from labeling ongoing talks with the International Monetary Fund (IMF) as “programme negotiations”, instead terming the discussions as  “further engagement with the fund.” The finance ministry has not defined the further engagement, unlike in the past when it had stated that the country was keen to secure the Extended Fund Facility (EFF). The IMF mission led by Nathan Porter called on the finance minister to kick-start the discussions on further engagement with the Fund. The visit has been overshadowed by unrest in PoK and the consequent approval of the PKR 23 billion “unbudgeted subsidies” by the Prime Minister of Pakistan to cool down the situation. The approval of the subsidy is seen as weakening political will and an indication that the coalition government may not withstand any wide-scale public pressure due to conditions of the next bailout package. The duration, instrument, and size of the next IMF program are open to discussion. Pakistan is keen to have at least a three-year program. The IMF has asked Pakistan to expand the terms of reference of the National Tax Council to include the harmonization of tax rates and bases for agricultural income tax and property tax. The IMF has also urged the Pakistan authorities to encourage provincial governments to step up the collection of provincial taxes and enforcement of provincial tax laws. IMF is concerned about the challenges posed by the existing taxing rights gap between the federal government and the provinces. (Shahbaz Rana, “Pakistan-IMF shy away from calling talks ‘programme negotiations’,” The Express Tribune, 14 May 2024)
 
SOCIETY
Rise in suicide by youngsters, men most vulnerable
On 14 May, The News International reported on rising suicide cases in Pakistan. Mental health experts detailed that every day, around 50-55 people, mostly men are committing suicides, in which 70 per cent are largely in the 15-29 years age group. They said suicide is now the fourth leading cause of death for youngsters in the country. According to the World Health Organisation (WHO), Pakistan reported 19,331 suicidal deaths in 2019 of which 14,771 were males and 4,560 were females. Every suicide case was found with 10-20 self-harm and annually, self-harms estimated to around 140,000 to 300,000. Dr. Syed Usman Hamdani, Founding Director, Global Institute of Human Development-Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University (GIHD-STMU) at a mental health moot revealed that the major factors contributing to mental health issues are academic pressure, substance abuse, cyber-bullying, excessive use of social media, family issues and less economic opportunities. Dr Usman Hamdani suggested the need of high-quality studies to assess, reduce the burden of mental health issues and develop policies to prevent it. According to the mental health landscape analysis conducted in Pakistan, stress, anxiety, depression, drug abuse, suicidal ideations, aggression, hopelessness, helplessness, and lack of confidence are found as some of the most pressing mental health issues faced by the youth in Pakistan. (M. Waqar Bhatti, “Alarming rise in suicide by youth in Pakistan,” The News International, 14 May 2024)
 
SECURITY/EXTERNAL
Joint statement on Pakistan-US Counterterrorism Dialogue emphasizes the importance of collaboration
On 14 May, a joint statement was released for the Pakistan-US Counterterrorism Dialogue held on 10 May which focused on cooperation between two countries in addressing regional and global challenges, including the threats by terrorist organizations such as the Tehreek-i-Taliban Pakistan (TTP) and Islamic State-Khorasan (IS-K). The statement emphasized the significance given to counter-terrorism collaboration and capacity building. It mentioned the US training for over 300 police and frontline responders. The statement assured for “advance security in the region and serve as a model of bilateral and regional cooperation to address transnational terrorism threats.” Both countries teamed up to increase communication with this focus to “detect and deter violent extremism through whole-of-government approaches.” Notably, Pakistan has witnessed a rise in terrorist activities especially in KP and Balochistan after the TTP ended its ceasefire. The Centre for Research and Security Studies (CRSS), Pakistan mentioned in its annual report that 1,524 violence-related fatalities and 1,463 injuries from 789 terror attacks and counter-terror operations in 2023 were marked. Over 90 per cent of fatalities and 84 per cent of attacks were recorded in KP and the Balochistan province alone. (Imtiaz Ali, “Pakistan, US reaffirm continuation of counter-terrorism cooperation to advance regional security,” Dawn, 14 May 2024)
 

PAKISTAN OCCUPIED KASHMIR

Government subsidy fails to pacify the situation in PoK

On 14 May, Dawn reported that the government decision to distribute a PKR 23 billion subsidy to control the violence in PoK has failed to achieve its objective of pacifying the region following fresh violence that led to the killing of three people and injuring six. Rangers in Jammu and Kashmir were called in to maintain law and order in the state after the Prime Minister announced a food subsidy. Instead of leaving via Brarkot, they chose to exit the region from Kohala. The 19-vehicle convoy was assaulted with rocks near Shorran da Nakka village, prompting them to respond with teargas and firing. After the talks failed talks on 12 May, the Jammu Kashmir Joint Awami Action Committee (JAAC) asked the protesters to resume their march on the state capital. The rallies made a stopover in Dhirkot, where the administration engaged their leaders until the conclusion of a meeting convened by PM Shehbaz in Islamabad. After the government announced the subsidy, the movement leaders said they would decide about it after the issuance of notifications. The AJK food department issued a notification, bringing the price of flour per 40 kilogram to PKR 2,100 and electricity to PKR 3, PKR 5, and PKR 6 per unit for up to 100, 300, and more than 300 units, respectively. While speaking at a gathering in Eidgah, Shaukat Nawaz Mir, one of the key JAAC leaders said their legal team would “legally examine” the notifications issued by the government and unanimously decide their next course of action. (Tariq Naqash, “Govt subsidy fails as three killed in AJK violence,” Dawn, 14 May 2024)

Afraid of a mock exorcism of routine, the youths, who moved back and forth from their homes, have to bring about a revolution. - Pervaiz Sandhila   About Kashmir, all the demands were met by the Government but suddenly, the protest got hijacked by “some” people. Those who are behind it, will get caught “very” soon. This wouldn’t have happened if our courts took timely action on 9th May “facilitators”. -Saad Kaiser   Provincial Forest Minister Fazal Hakeem Khan Yousafzai gave a big challenge to the opposition in the provincial assembly. Opposition members should say under oath that there is any injustice or abuse in Form 47 or not? I am ready on the floor of the assembly that we have not eaten a single penny of the nation during the nine and a half years of government, including the Eid package. - Tehreek-e-Insaf

“The past year has turned matters into a confrontation between the state and the people.” -An opinion in Dawn, ‘Political merry-go-round’

In Brief
POLITICS
Former finance minister announces the formation of new political party
On 12 May, former Finance Minister Miftah Ismael confirmed in an op-ed that a new political party would be formed. This comes amid speculation that disgruntled PML-N leaders including Ismael, Shahid Khaqan Abbasi, and former PPP Senator Mustafa Nawaz Khokar, would be forming a new political party.He detailed that the party would be “different” and it would include “women and young people” with a constitutionally directed term limit, while avoiding ethnic targets. The main focus of the creation of this party is to reorganize the government. He said: “We are fast reaching the point of no return — and it is imperative we take a hard look at our ineffective governance that has failed our people.” Ismael criticized other political leaders for being “out-of-touch and short-sighted” with regard to Pakistan’s future, and and claimed they lacked the courage to bring change to the country. He highlighted that the country should be run by young people, and asserted:“We want to present to our people a new vision of Pakistan, a nation focused on its people — especially the young.” (“Miftah confirms to form new political party,” The Express Tribune, 13 May 2024)
 
Opposition coalition announces new nationwide protest to protect Constitution
On 13 May, Dawn reported that a multi-party coalition of opposition parties, I Tehreek Tahafuz Aayeen-i-Pakistan, has decided to hold another  nationwide protest calling for the ‘restoration’ of the Constitution. Earlier in April, the alliance decided to kick-start a countrywide movement for the rule of law with Mahmood Khan Achakzai as its president.. This decision was taken after the chief of the Inter-Services Public Relations (ISPR) said in a press conference that there would be no mercy for the instigators of the 9 May riots. The members of the meeting, including PTI leaders Omar Ayub and Asad Qaiser, and the SIC Chief Hamid Raza, mentioned that the ISPR chief’s statements were “unconstitutional,” and demanded apologies from those who have violated the constitution. The alliance spokesperson mentioned that the parties decided to reach out to the courts in Karachi and Faisalabad to get permission to carry out the public gatherings. (Ikram Junaidi, “Opp plans fresh campaign to `protect` Constitution,” Dawn, 12 May 2024)
 
SECURITY
Seven security personnel killed following militant attacks in North Waziristan
On 11 May, two militant attacks on security forces at different locations were carried out in North Waziristan, in which seven security officers died and two others were injured. The first attack took place in the Hassan Khel area of Tehsil Datta Khel. A bomb disposal unit was targeted using the Improvised Explosive Device (IED). After the blast, militants started firing in which five securing personnel were killed and two others injured. The second attack was carried out in the Seeman area of Mir Ali, where militants attacked the security post. Two security personnel lost their lives in this attack. Based on the local sources, the bodies were taken to Com­bined Milit­ary Hospital, Bannu. (Pazir Gul, “Seven security personnel martyred in North Waziristan,” Dawn, 12 May 2024)
 
AF-PAK
Taliban officials cancel planned visit of Pakistani military delegation
On 12 May, Afghan Taliban officials canceled a planned visit by a Pakistan military delegation to Kandahar in light of apparent protests over cross-border strikes by Pakistan targeting terror hideouts in Afghanistan. There was no response from Pakistan on the airstrikes or the delegation. . As per sources, the military delegation’s visit, aimed at resolving the issue of the Tehreek-e-Taliban Pakistan (TTP), would have included a visit with the Governor of Kandahar, Mullah Shirin Akhund. Shirin is considered close to the Taliban, and a key interlocuter of the Taliban trying to defuse tensions over the TTP. (Kamran Yousaf, “Pakistan delegation visit to Kandahar ‘cancelled’ by Taliban,” The Express Tribune, 12 May 2024)
 
POK
Protests continue amid no sign of agreement with government
On 13 May, Dawn reported that despite President Asif Ali Zardari and Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif promising to address the “genuine demands” of protestors in Pakistan occupied Kashmir (PoK), an agreement between the Jammu Kashmir Joint Awami Action Committee (JAAC) and the AJK government remained elusive. Though the situation remained calm in the region following clashes between protestors and the police in which one policeman died, protests resumed in Muzaffaraba. After the talks between the JAAC core committee and PoK Chief Secretary Dawood Bareach ended in stalemate and failed to make any headway, the movement announced its march. JAAC’s Sardar Umar Nazir Kashmiri mentioned in a video clip: “There was no single notification on any issue. There was evasion, delay tactics, lies, fraud, and deception.” Due to the protest, the government offices and the educational institutions will be closed on 13 May. The rally will begin from Mirpur and Poonch division to Rawalakot and march further towards Muzaffarabad. In response, Zardari urged to resolve the issue through dialogues and mutual consultations. Sharif took to X to say: “Unfortunately in situations of chaos and dissent, there are always some, who rush in to score political points. Despite the efforts of detractors, the matter is expected to be settled soon.” (Tariq Naqash and Syed Irfan Raza, “AJK march resumes amid stalemate,” Dawn, 13 May 2024)
 
PROVINCES
Balochistan: Resolution for effective measures against illegal fishing adopted
On 11 May, the Balochistan Assembly adopted a resolution on efforts to take effective measures to curb illegal fishing and trawling in the province’s waters. It also demanded action against individuals and officials of the Fisheries department who are involved in the illegal fishing business. The resolution was moved by Maulana Hidayatur Rehman of Haq Do Tehreek (HDT). He detailed, that due to the use of banned nets and other equipment, fishermen were tending to lose at least 15 different species of fish. He added that this caused a PKR 70 loss every year to Balochistan. The provincial Minister for Planning and Development, Mir Zahoor Ahmed Buledi, supported the move and announced: “The government is giving fisheries the status of an industry, and people affiliated with it will be declared laborers.” (Saleem Shahid, “Action against illegal fishing, trawling demanded in Balochistan,” Dawn, 12 May 2024)
 
PR EXCLUSIVE UPDATE #15
PUNJAB WHEAT CRISIS
PASSCO hints possibility of raising wheat procurement
On 11 May, The Pakistan Agricultural Storage and Services Corporation Limited (PASSCO) began its second phase of wheat procurement, where Food Minister Rana Tanveer hinted at the chances of an additional increase in the target to facilitate farmers. This phase began after the federal government decided to procure 400,000 tonnes more than the original 1.4 million tonnes target. However, the farmers were not satisfied with the increase, and they argued that the surplus rate this year is anticipated to be ten million tonnes, meaningPASSCO’s target hardly makes any difference. Meanwhile, Punjab has been refusing to purchase wheat from farmers despite agitations. The Pakistan Kissan Ittehad (PKI) said that the plunging prices, which reportedly fell below PKR 3,000 per 40 kilograms, had cost farmers PKR 1,150 billion in lost revenue from the wheat crop alone. Although Punjab notified that it would compensate farmers with interest-free loans of PKR 150 billion, the latter was not satisfied. (Ahmad Fraz Khan, “Govt hints at raising wheat purchase target,” Dawn, 12 May 2024)

The decision given in the Shaheed Zulfikar Ali Bhutto reference is the result of the struggle of the workers of Pakistan People's Party. - Bilawal Bhutto Zardari   Sindh Chief Minister Syed Murad Ali Shah's participation in the opening ceremony of C-ARTS Hyderabad. Chief Minister Sindh Syed Murad Ali Shah inaugurated the Center for Autism, Rehabilitation and Training by cutting the ribbon. President PP Sindh Nisar Khoro, provincial ministers, Sharjeel Inam Memon, Nasir Hussain Shah, Jam Khan Shoro are also present. -PPP   Deeply concerned about the situation in AJK. Unfortunately, in situations of chaos and dissent there are always some who rush in to score political points. While debate, discussion and peaceful protests are the beauties of democracy, there should be absolutely no tolerance for taking the law in one's own hands and damaging government properties. - Shehbaz Sharif

“In those few brief years, good seemed to be ahead.” -An opinion in Dawn, ‘A lost future’

In Brief
POLITICS
Punjab speaker suspends MPA seats of SIC allocated to other parties
On 10 May, the Speaker of the Punjab provincial assembly suspended 24 women and three minority MPAs who were elected on reserved seats and barred from joining the house proceeding. Of the suspended MPA’s 23 belonged to the PML-N, two from PPP, and one each to PML-G and IPP. The Speaker Malik Mohammad Ahmed Khan took the decision on a point of order raised by the opposition lawmaker Rana Aftab of PTI-backed Sunni Ittehad Council (SIC) saying, the supreme court suspended the decision of the Election Commission of Pakistan (ECP) of allocating reserved seats of SIC to other parties. The suspension led the national assembly’s ruling coalition to lose two dozen members. The SIC members also filed a similar case in the 13 May National Assembly summoned by President Asif Ali Zardari. The SC decision is expected to have no effect on the composition of the Balochistan Assembly, as the PTI had not won any seat in the province in the 8Feb provincial elections. In the KP Assembly, the PTI-backed independents had won 91 seats compared to 19 seats secured by all other political parties combined. (Amjad Mahmood and Iftikhar A. Khan, “Ruling coalition loses 27 reserved seats in Punjab,” Dawn, 11 May 2024)
 
JUDICIARY
Supreme Court directs government to to establish an authority and fund to address climate change
On 11 May, Dawn reported that the three-bench Supreme Court has ordered the federal government to establish an authority and a fund under the Pakistan Climate Change Act, 2017 within two weeks to address the risks associated with climate change. It stated: “Considering that failure to establish the authority has serious implications on the fundamental rights of the people of Pakistan, we direct the federal government to establish the authority within a fortnight and thereafter complete the establishment of the fund.” The Public Interest Law Association of Pakistan, represented by Attorney Syed Faisal Hussain Naqvi had filed a petition with the court highlighting the existential threat that climate change poses to Pakistan. The federal government was given assurances by the court that a council meeting under the act will take place in less than a month to discuss issues related to the authority and fund's formation. The authority hasn't been established yet. The hearing was put back on 3 June by the court. After the devastating floods of 2022, Justice Shah had requested that the federal government prepare a report outlining the steps that Pakistan has undertaken to address the difficulties posed by climate change. The court emphasized the need to address climate change and mitigate its effect on people and their livelihoods, emphasizing the importance of acknowledging and confronting its fallout for combating the high risks posed it.(Nasir Iqbal, “Govt asked to set up climate authority within a fortnight,” Dawn, 11 May 2024)
 
ECONOMY
“Downside risks remain exceptionally high,” says IMF
On 10 May, the International Monetary Fund (IMF), following the second and final review under the Stand by Arrangements (SBA), stated that Pakistan’s economy faces high downside risks. The IMF said political uncertainities and political complexities alongwith high inflation, lower external financing could adversely impacy debt servicing, putting pressure on the exchange rate. Further, disruptions in global supply chains and tighter global financial conditions could impact the country’s “external stability.” The country's economy has stabilized after completing a short-term USD 3 billion programme, but Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif has called for a fresh, longer-term programme. The IMF stressed the need for timely post-program external financing disbursements as the country  still faces a high fiscal shortfall and stagnating growth. The country is expected to seek at least USD 6 billion and request additional financing from the IMF under the Resilience and Sustainability Trust. (“Downside risks for Pakistan remain exceptionally high: IMF,” Dawn, 11 May 2024)
 
Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX) crosses 73000 points
On 10 May, the Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX) reached a new milestone by reaching 73,000 points. The KSE-100 index gained 0.59 per cent, to reach 73,085.5 points. Topline Securities CEO Mohammed Sohail stated that the 73,000 boundary was crossed due to expectations of inflation falling faster than expected. Chase Securities' Yousuf M. Farooq said traders were expecting inflation to reach close to 15 per cent for May and interest rates to decline over the next financial year. EFG Hermes Pakistan's chief executive, Raza Jafri, said monetary easing expectations continue to build up, with real interest rates now about plus 5 per cent and the external account exhibiting comfort. The stock market has snapped a three-day losing streak. He mentioned: “Hitherto underperforming leveraged sectors such as cement are seeing buying interest, from both local and foreign investors.” A day before that the stock market ended a three-day losing run when the benchmark KSE 100-share index ended the day in a positive position thanks to careful value-hunting.( “PSX reaches new high, crosses 73,000 milestone,” Dawn, 11 May 2024)
 
FBR and Telegram shared the first batch of SIMs for blockage
On 10 May, the Federal Reserve Bank of Pakistan (FBR) and telecom operators agreed to block non-filer mobile phone SIMs in batches with the first batch of 5,000 SIMs shared with the FBR for blockage. The FBR had previously directed telecom operators to block all over 0.5 million SIMs in one go until 15 May, 2024. The FBR and telecom operators have engaged in meetings to ensure the effective implementation of Income Tax General Order No. 1, issued under Section 114 B of the Income Tax Ordinance 2001. More batches will be sent daily and operators have started sending messages to non-filers regarding blocking their SIMs.Separately, the Cabinet Committee on Privatization (CCoP) approved24 state-owned enterprises for the privatization program 2024-29, including enterprises from the airlines, insurance, banking, and power companies. The CCoP has directed the Law and Justice Division to conduct a comprehensive examination of the provisions highlighted in the Sovereign Wealth Fund Act 2023, with recommendations expected atthe next CCoP meeting. The Ministry of Privatization presented a phased privatization program for 2024-29, based on recommendations from the Privatization Commission Board. The committee recommended prioritizing the privatization of loss-making entities and limiting the federal footprint to strategic and essential State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs). (Israr Khan and Mariana Baabar & Mehtab Haider, “Telecom firms agree to block non-filers’ Sims in batches,” The News International, 11 May 2024)
 
SECURITY
Spyware attacks surged by 300 per cent in the First Quarter of 2024
On 10 May, The Express Tribune reported that spyware attacks in Pakistan have surged by 300 per cent in QuarterI of 2024. This indicatesa spiraling threat of espionage and data infiltration. This is based on a report by he Kaspersky Managed Detection and Response (MDR) team which found that high-severity incidents involving direct human involvement surpassed two per day in 2023, with financial, IT, government, and industrial sectors emerging as primary targets. A comparison of cyber attack statistics between Quarter I of 2023 and 2024 in Pakistan shows a moderate rise in backdoor attacks, highlighting persistent vulnerabilities in the country's digital infrastructure. However, banking malware attacks registered a decline of over 50 per cent from 2023. The government sector recorded 22.9 per cent of all detected high-severity incidents, followed by IT companies (15.4 per cent), financial, and industrial companies (14.9 per cent and 11per centrespectively). The report also highlighted the most common tactics, techniques, and tools used by attackers in the past year. The percentage of malware attacks resulting in serious consequences dipped slightly in 2023, accounting for just over 12 per cent of the total reported critical incidents. Kaspersky recommends the use of effective automated cyber security solutions managed with the help of experienced SOC analysts. Hafeez Rehman, Technical group manager at Kaspersky mentioned: “we recommend the use of effective automated cyber security solutions managed with the help of experienced SOC analysts.” (“Spyware attacks increased by 300% in Pakistan,” The Express Tribune, 10 May 2024)
 
An editorial in Dawn deems IMF’s proposed tax on pensions and withdrawal of tax exemptions as “unfair”
On 11 May, an editorial in Dawn titled “Taxing pensions” has deemed the IMF proposal demanding that the government tax “civil and military pensions exceeding PKR 1.2 million a year, as well as revoke income tax exemptions for various pension schemes and funds in the next budget” as unfair. The editorial recognizes the revenue generating potential of the proposal- the scheme is projected to generate additional tax revenues in the range of PKR 22 billion to PKR 25 billion per year. However, it points out two fallouts. First, this move would add to the financial burden of “a class of citizens with few other sources of income.” Second, withdrawing tax exemptions would discourage people to save for their future pension funds and thus their retirement. The current scheme is one of the recommendations of an IMF proposal that is aimed at recovering additional tax revenues of PKR 600 billion in total based on the “principle of a fair tax policy: all incomes must be taxed regardless of source.” The editorial laments that the taxation structure in the country is already “inequitable and unfair” and if the government must tax pensions then it should ensure that the taxation must be progressive and include all by removing ‘special exemptions’ enjoyed by judges, military personnel. (“Taxing pensions,” Dawn, 11 May 2024)

EXTERNAL
Iran releases and repatriates 28 Pakistani prisoners
On 10 May, the Iranian embassy in Islamabad revealed that twenty-eight Pakistani prisoners have been released from Iranian jails on “humanitarian grounds” and have been allowed to return back to their country. The embassy statement read “As agreed, following the recent visit of the honorable Iranian President to Pakistan, some 28 Pakistani prisoners were released and returned to the brotherly country of Pakistan with the suspension of their prison sentences cherishing Islamic benignity and due to the humanitarian goals.” The exchange of prisoners on humanitarian grounds was proposed by Iran during President Ebrahim Raisi’s visit to Pakistan last month. The number of 160 Pakistani prisoners in Iranian jails stood at 160 before the current batch was released. There are 60 prisoners of Iranian nationality in the custody of Pakistani authorities. (“Iran sends back 28 Pakistani prisoners,” Dawn, 11 May 2024)
 
SPACE
Icube-Qamar captures the first picture of the moon, unveiled in Beijing
On 10 May, China issued the data captured by the iCube-Qamar satellite to Pakistan, marking a significant milestone in Pakistan’s space program. Two days after entering the moon's orbit, it sent the first picture of the moon from that orbit. The picture was unveiled in aceremony conducted in Beijing. The event was attended by representatives from various organizations. The data carrier was handed over to Pakistan's Ambassador to China, Khalil Hashmi by Zhang Kejian, head of the China National Space Administration. The Lunar Exploration and Space Engineering Centre of China National Space Administration presented a complete report of China’s Chang’e-6 mission. The satellite Icube-Qamar, developed by Pakistan's Institute of Space Technology (IST), was launched on China's Chang'e-6 spacecraft on 3 May. It was detached from the spacecraft and deployed into the lunar orbit on 8 May. (“ICUBE-Q beams back first image from lunar orbit,” The Express Tribune, 10 May 2024)

Innocent people were martyred in Gwadar, it is against our Pakhtun and Baloch traditions to kill any of our guests or neighbors with extreme cruelty. Balochistan Chief Minister Mir Sarfraz Bugti. -PPP   Martyrs of Pakistan were, are and will remain my first priority. Alhamdulillah, the fulfillment of another promise of our government has begun. "Shaheed Benazir Bhutto Fully Funded Scholarship Program" has been formally launched. Martyrs live in our hearts, their children are our collective responsibility. -Sarfraz Bugti In a concerted effort to combat drug addiction, Pakistan's government and military leadership launched a rigorous anti-narcotics operation targeting drug dealers. Nationwide, authorities seized a staggering 1,028,904 kg of drugs and apprehended 1,352 dealers. Notably, between April 28 and May 5, significant drug hauls included 2,799 kg from Balochistan, 20 kg from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 17 kg from Gilgit-Baltistan, 37 kg from Punjab, and 245 kg from Sindh. The relentless efforts of concerned agencies underscore a commitment to eradicating drugs from the country entirely. -Balochistan Current Affairs

“Traditional policing methods may result in faulty investigations.” -An opinion in Dawn, ‘Street safety’

In Brief
POLITICS
PTI issues white paper on rigging in elections, asks for judicial probe
On 2 May, PTI leaders issued a white paper at a press conference and demanded the formation of a judicial commission to investigate allegations of irregularities in the general elections, and recommend electoral reforms aimed at ensuring transparency, a level playing field, and meritocracy. The white paper on “Rigging in Elections 2024” detailed how the “mandate of the people of Pakistan has been stolen through blatant Pre and Post poll rigging,” as per a statement issued on X by the party. It included practices during the run-up to the elections and the official notification of results, and claimed to expose the “corrupt practices, including alteration of final results through fudging, forgery and manipulation of Form-47.”

Party leaders added that the investigation was necessary to give the powers to the “true” public representatives, and asked for the resignation of the chief election commissioner over the “controversial” elections. PTI Chairman Gohar Ali Khan said that the whitepaper was based on “irrefutable” facts and proved how the PTI’s victory was allegedly “converted into defeat.” Gohar claimed that the PTi won 18- National Assembly seats, and pointed out that both national and international media admitted to rigging in elections. He also gave examples of coercive tactics that resulted in an uneven playing field, such as the rejection of nomination papers on flimsy grounds. PTI leader Omar Ayub Khan called for the release of Imran Khan and an end to all “politically motivated” cases against him and other PTI workers.” (Ikram Junaidi, “PTI seeks judicial probe into ‘rigging’,” Dawn, 3 May 2024)
 
COAS says army knows its constitutional limits very well amid criticism
On 2 May, the Chief of Army Staff, General Asim Munir, said that the military is “well aware” of its “constitutional limits,” and expects others to “also know them well,” amid criticism from multiple political stakeholders over the alleged interference of the military in the general elections. This statement was made at the passing-out parade of the Pakistan Air Force (PAF) cadets. He noted that Article 19 of the Constitution “unambiguously” draws the “limits to the freedom of expression and speech which must not be misconstrued as freedom of expre­­ssion of venom against others.” Thus people who “blatantly trample the same very Constitution on a daily basis in one way or the other cannot and should not issue sermons to others towards its adherence.”

Munir highlighted how Pakistan is facing issues in the form of “terrorism, shadow proxies, challenging economic environment, despicable propaganda amplified by social media and false narratives being spread by misguided elements of the society.” He urged graduating cadets to not “fall prey to misguided, misdirected, factually incorrect, and politically-motivated propaganda,” and instead develop “critical minds to navigate through blurring lines between reality, perception and blatant falsehood.” Advising them to “fight and never cower before coercion, blackmail and terror,” he appreciated the PAF for maintaining the highest standards of training and morale. (“Freedom of speech has its limits: COAS,” Dawn, 3 May 2024)
 
EXTERNAL
Pakistan does not plan on offering “bases to a foreign government or military" says the foreign office
On 2 May, the Foreign Office (FO) dismissed speculations that Pakistan was providing military bases to the US or other countries, with FO spokesperson Mumtaz Zahra Baloch describing the claims as being “completely unfounded.” She rejected the claims, saying that there is “absolutely no basis for these social media speculations,” adding that Pakistan does not plan on offering “bases to a foreign government or military directed against anyone.” These speculations were triggered when PTI lawmaker Sher Afzal Marwat claimed that Pakistan had provided bases to the US, to which government officials stated that the bases in question were vacated a long time ago by the US. Taking the example of the recent visit of the US acting under secretary for political affairs, and the principal assistant secretary of state to Pakistan, Baloch said that the two countries enjoy “robust bilateral institutionalized mechanisms.” She noted that Pakistan would “continue to engage with the US to enhance bilateral cooperation and understanding.” (Kamran Yousaf, “Pakistan rubbishes claim of providing bases to US,” The Express Tribune, 2 May 2024)

“Pakistan has not engaged in any extra-territorial acts," asserts the foreign office
On 2 May, Foreign Office (FO) spokesperson Mumtaz Zahra Baloch asserted that Pakistan does not attack dissidents residing overseas, following accusations made by the former adviser on interior and accountability, Shahzad Akbar. On 26 November 2023, Akbar was a victim of an acid attack outside his residence in London; he alleged that Pakistani military intelligence officials were behind the attack. Rejecting the “baseless and politically motivated” allegations, Baloch stated: “Pakistan has not engaged in any extra-territorial acts against these individuals. So, Mr Shahzad Akbar’s claims are simply preposterous.” However, she outlined media reports regarding India’s involvement in killing dissidents living overseas, calling on the international community to hold India accountable. She also claimed that India’s network which allegedly engages in espionage and extra-judicial killings, has spread across several continents. (Baqir Sajjad Syed, “Pakistan never attacks dissidents abroad: FO,” Dawn, 3 May 2024)
 
ENERGY/ENVIRONMENT
Wapda announces complete shutdown of Neelum-Jhelum Hydropower project following safety issues
On 2 May, the Water and Power Development Authority (Wapda) announced that the 969-megawatt Neelum-Jhelum Hydropower project worth over PKR 500 billion, had been completely shut down after a major operational issue detected in April. On 2 April, there was a sudden change in the headrace tunnel pressure, which then led to significant pressure fluctuations. This is why from 6 April, based on advice from consultants, the project management began operating the plant at a generation of 530 MW. The plant, which is located in Pakistan occupied Kashmir (PoK), continued operating at the reduced capacity till further instability in tunnel pressure led to a reduction in power generation on 29 April. On the same day, Wapda said that “the pressure could not sustain within the safe limits as per the advice of the project consultants.” This led to a shutdown on 1 May for physical inspection. Wapda explained that a comprehensive plan would be devised with project consultants and international experts to implement measures to rectify the issue. Roughly 90 per cent of the project is underground and is located in a weak geological and seismic-prone area. Earlier in June 2023, the project had been closed completely due to cracks in its 3.5km tailrace tunnel, which took 13 months to repair. Previous tunnel repairs have cost Pakistan PKR six billion in addition to PKR 37 billion in energy loss during repairs, maintenance, and testing over 20 months. Wapda has filed PKR 3 billion in insurance claims for these losses. (Khaleeq Kiani, “Safety concerns prompt shutdown of Neelum-Jhelum power plant,” Dawn, 3 May 2024)
 
SECURITY
Security forces kill three militants involved in kidnapping of sessions judge
On 2 May, the Inter-Services Public Relations (ISPR) issued a statement saying that as a result of a joint intelligence-based operation, three militants, including two ringleaders, were killed by security forces. The militants were responsible for the abduction of South Waziris­tan’s District and Sessions Judge Shakirullah Marwat. On 27 April, Marwat was kidnapped by the militants from the Garah Mohabaat Adda area of Dera Ismail Khan and kept under Taliban custody for 48 hours, after which he was rescued by the Counter–Terrorism Department (CTD). Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) government spokesperson Barrister Mohammad Ali Saif confirmed that Marwat had “been released almost unconditionally.” (Umer Farooq, “Kidnappers of sessions judge killed in Tank: ISPR,” Dawn, 3 May 2024)
 
SOCIETY
Health experts blame lack of coordination between centre and provinces for polio resurgence
On 3 May, Dawn reported that health experts blamed the lack of coordination between the federal and provincial governments for the rise of polio cases in Pakistan, additionally blaming the decision to hand over the polio programme to ‘outsiders’ from global health agencies in 2021 for exacerbating the situation. So far in 2024, 100 samples have been found positive for polio; despite the virus being on the verge of eradication in 2021, “some international agencies took over the programme just to claim the credit,” as per health officials. A polio expert also pointed out how nobody highlighted how the programme had been “snatched” from the government in 2021 when there was only one case and zero environmental detections for months. In 2019, 147 polio cases were reported, in 2020 there were 84, in 2021 there were one, and then the cases began increasing with 20 in 2022 and six in 2023. The polio expert stated that the “most critical factor for this unprecedented success was the unified leadership of the EPI and Polio Eradication Initiative (PEI) at the national level.” However, the “loss of government control” resulted in efforts becoming “fragmented.” (Ikram Junaidi, “Poor ‘coordination’ between center, provinces blamed for fresh polio cases,” Dawn, 3 May 2024)
 
PROVINCES
Punjab: JI warns of five-day protest over wheat farmer issue
On 2 May, the Jammat-i-Islami (JI) and the PTI criticized the Punjab government for not buying wheat from wheat farmers, with JI’s Emir Hafiz Naeemur Rehman warning of a sit-in in the Punjab chief minister’s office if the government continues its “anti-farmer” stance. Calling for the establishment of a judicial commission to investigate the wheat import scandal, he expressed concern over the caretaker government’s decision to import wheat worth USD one billion in October 2023 during a severe dollar shortage. Rehman demanded individuals involved in the wheat import decision appear before the commission and resign from their positions after the investigation. He detailed that the JI-backed farmers’ protest camps would last from 3 May till 7 May, and would take place across divisional and district headquarters of the province. Rehman also called on the media to highlight the condition of small farmers and advocated for land reforms to redistribute the land held by the four per cent of feudal lords. Explaining that the JI’s pro-farmer movement stemmed from consultations with farmer leaders and lawyers, he assured that the party would spearhead a movement for land reforms in Pakistan. Similarly, PTI’s incarcerated Punjab President Dr Yasmin Rashid said that farmers are facing a hard time due to the caretaker government’s “insane” decision to import more wheat than needed. She also demanded an impartial inquiry into the matter, lamenting that farmers currently are forced to sell their produce at “almost half the official rate.”  (“JI warns of protest in Punjab over wheat crisis,” Dawn, 3 May 2024)

The military establishment has done all they could against me. All that is left for them is to now murder me. But I am not afraid because my faith is strong. I would prefer death over slavery. -Imran Khan   PTI has released its whitepaper on "Rigging in Elections 2024," detailing how the mandate of the people of Pakistan has been stolen through blatant Pre and Post poll rigging. -PTI   The economy of the world is run by the labor of the workers. If the elites make money, they make it on the blood and sweat of the workers. If their businesses run, they run on the labor of the workers." -PPP

“The path to universal health coverage in KP is being paved.” -An opinion in Dawn, ‘Road to UHC’