In Brief
POLITICS
Punjab and KP elections date conundrum; PDM and PTI to hold final negotiations on 2 May
On 28 April, the ruling coalition government and the opposing PTI agreed to hold final negotiations on 2 May over the Punjab and KP polls issue. The opposing parties held their second round of dialogue with so solution at sight. PTI insisted on their proposal of dissolution of NA aiming to reduce any political tensions. Ishaq Dar stated: “Some progress has been made today,” and that final rounds would happen in the coming week. PTI leader Shah Mahmood Qureshi also expressed that appropriate progress has been achieved and iterated that their suggestions were reasonable and within the bounds of the constitution. (Iftikhar A. Khan, “Neither willing to budge as govt-PTI talks enter next round,” Dawn, 29 April 2023)
 
Parvez Elahi’s resident raided over corruption charges
On 28 April, PTI president Parvez Elahi’s Gulberg residence was raided over corruption charges. The video evidence reflects the use of violence and baton by the riot police on the employees and the family members. Elahi was untraceable by the police at his residence as the search operation continued. Elahi’s legal team expressed that he is at present at court for a pr- arrest bail which was approved by the court. Imran Khan criticised the raid and said: “Strongly condemn the illegal raid on Pervez Elahi’s home with no respect to the women and family members present.” (Zulqernain Tahir,“Police seek to arrest Parvez Elahi in late-night raid,” Dawn, 29 April 2023)
 
Imran Khan granted interim pre-arrest bail over defamation case
On 28 April, Imran Khan was awarded pre-arrest interim bail by IHC over a defamation case. The probe was over his speech where he made tantamount allegations against senior officers ISI, where he was found responsible for “character assassination.” He was found using offensive language and endangered the lives of the senior official’s family members. Imran Khan is now set to appear at the court on 3 May for his hearing. (Malik Asad, “Imran gets bail in matter of allegations against army officers,” Dawn, 29 April 2023)
 
SECURITY
Three soldiers were killed in KP amid crossfires between militants and the army
On 28 April, Pakistan Army reported that three soldiers were killed owing to an attack by militants targeting the security forces. There were three attacks in the Lakki Marwat district which led to cross-firing killing seven militants. Tehreek-i-Jihad Pakistan militant group accepted responsibility for the incident. This comes after the newly announced offensive against militancy by the army. (Ghulam Mursalin Marwat, Umer Farooq, “Three soldiers martyred, seven ‘militants’ killed in KP attacks, ” Dawn, 29 April 2023)
 
SOCIETY
Pakistan Bureau of Statistics to extend the conduction of the digital census to 15 May
On 28 April, the Pakistan Bureau of Statistics declared that the digital census would be extended to another 15 days and be completed by 15 May. The decision was taken after consulting ministers, lawmakers and political leaders.  The extension was proposed after there was little population difference aggregated in Lahore and Karachi since 2017. PBS requested political parties to inform them of any areas that have not been covered. Quetta at the preliminary stage of the census demanded recounting claiming that their population has been deliberately decreased and the 500,000 decrease in their population is a political strategy. (Mubarak Zeb Khan,”Census extended till May 15,” Dawn, 29 April 2023)
 
EXTERNAL
Pakistan foreign office refutes arming Ukraine with weapons
On 28 April, Pakistan’s foreign office spokesperson Mumtaz Zahra Baloch claimed that Pakistan never provided Ukraine with weapons. She said urging on their policy of strict neutrality:” I would reiterate what we have said in the past from this podium. Pakistan maintains a policy of strict neutrality in the dispute between Ukraine and Russia and in that context, does not provide any ammunition to them.” This came forward when a Ukrainian army commander called the weapons provided by Pakistan as substandard. (“Pakistan denies arming Ukrainian forces,” The Express Tribune, 29 April 2023)
 
ECONOMY
ECC approves 70 per cent hike on essential drugs
On 28 April, Economic Coordination Committee (ECC) approved the increase in the prices for essential drugs as recommended by the Policy Board of the Drug Regulatory Authority of Pakistan (DRAP). This comes in as the value of the Pakistan rupee drops down owing to inflation. ECC would allow a one-time increase of prices for manufacturers, where they can sell the medicines with a 70 per cent hike with a cap of 14 per cent. Additionally, they approved the Ministry of National Food Security and Research proposal for the fixation of wheat stock from Punjab, Sindh and Balochistan aiming to stabilise wheat prices.(Zaheer Abbasi," Hike in prices of essential drugs approved by ECC ," Business Recorder, 29 April 2023)
 
 

Editorial, The SOE challenge
Business Recorder, 29 April 2023
“Whichever way you look at it, the SOE story only bolsters the claim that government has no business being in business. And it’s not just improper, illegal, incompetent and corrupt political appointments that have wrecked these companies – though it is one of the biggest contributing factors – it is also the regressive, inefficient nature of the bureaucracy.”
 
Editorial,  Famished children
Business Recorder, 29 April 2023
“Right nutrition, on the other hand, helps them develop their full potential and achieve self-actualization, contributing to national progress and prosperity as productive members of society. Sadly, at present, too many of our children suffer from stunting.”
 
Farhat Ali, Things look grim, but all is not lost
Business Recorder, 29 April 2023
“The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is well aware of the fact that the conditions it has imposed on Pakistan shall stunt the country’s growth. An economic slowdown will certainly hit revenue generation in a meaningful manner. Therefore, a lethal combination of rising inflation, unemployment and cuts on expenditure on public spending will be pushing more people below the poverty line. The IMF seems to be sitting on the fence as it appears reluctant to lend its name when chances of further deterioration are high.”
 
Farrukh Khan Pitafi, Entropy in history
The Express Tribune, 29 April 2023
“Proximity to power can be as lethal as power itself. People who oppose reforms and want to stick to old values often do so at the cost of national well-being and end up causing immense suffering. I will also venture to say that if proximity to power is as deadly as power itself, there should be some structure that fulfils the purpose of checks and balances. And people who abuse their proximity to power often market it as a step taken for the sake of ideological purity and the greater good, but usually, they end up enriching and empowering themselves. When unchecked and unstructured, this access to power creates an unearned shortcut open to too much abuse, causing entropy.”
 
Mohsin Saleem Ullah, Constitutionality of suo motu
The Express Tribune, 29 April 2023
“The plain reading of the said Article doesn’t enunciate who has the right to approach the Supreme Court, which broadens the court’s original jurisdiction among the judiciaries in the South Asian region. For instance, any party may petition in the Supreme Court of Pakistan, under Article 184(3), whereas Article 126 of the constitution of Sri Lanka and Article 102(1) of the constitution of Bangladesh only allow petitions by aggrieved parties. And the provisions also allow the Supreme Courts in these jurisdictions to take suo motu notice in matters of public importance. In all these countries, also in India, the judiciary is under heavy fire, owing to the misuse of suo motu power. This often happens when the court exercises its power to promote its own agenda, rather than for dispensing justice. In Pakistan, the rise of suo motu under Article 184(3) started with the advent of Iftikhar Muhammad Chaudhry, the former chief justice, who exercised unbridled judicial powers under the umbrella of suo motu which eventually threatened the rule of law. His successor, Saqib Nisar, took it to another level while many other chiefs justices preferred a restraint.”
 
Aijaz A. Nizamani, Fears of scarcity and excess
Dawn, 29 April 2023
“There is no way out other than restoring natural waterways across Sindh. In this context, no place is more important than Badin district where the old river course of the Puran should be allowed to follow its natural path to the natural, freshwater Shakoor Lake in the Rann of Kutch. This waterway was blocked in the implementation of the LBOD project. It was and remains an environmental crime. The mantra which irrigation people provide for blocking the Puran is that India may object if Pakistan dumps its rainwater and drainage water in its territory. This is ridiculous as we see Indian Punjab’s water, both sewage and drainage, pass through our towns and terrain, running more than 2,000km with the Indus.”

Faisal Bari, Tuition fee increases
Dawn, 28 April 2023
“The real fear is that the progress we had been making, even if slow and painstaking, in terms of overall enrolment, completion rates and quality enhancement, is very likely to get reversed as long as the financial crisis lasts. And the government, despite all its rhetoric about the importance of education, is not going to do anything about it. We will, if nothing is done, be set back by decades, and those who fall in the school-/university-going age category at the moment, will, together with their families and society at large, have to bear the consequences for decades to come.”
 
Muhammad Ali Siddiqi, First resolution
Dawn, 27 April 2023
“I have risen from that position — a position I have never forgotten in the best days of opulence and abundance. He has given me wealth, a dutiful and wise wife, many children, a palace to live in, a robust health, and honour, and respect. And, what is more valuable than everything else — a sincere feeling for my community. I have held all these pleasures for over 50 years. What more do I need? What for should I be anxious to live longer? Believe me, mankind would have been forced to take to suicide on an organised basis if the possibility of natural death had not existed. Endless life would have become a tedious experience, a full-fledged calamity.”
 
Aasim Sajjad Akhtar, China’s world?
Dawn, 28 April 2023
“The US establishment is certainly fearful of Beijing’s rise, which is why it is patronising a China-bashing campaign; many Western progressives are rightly resisting Washington’s prosecution of what they see as a ‘new Cold War’. But as we approach the 137th commemoration of the workers revolt of 1886 — May Day — it is necessary to demand that the prospective Chinese rulers of our putatively shared world demonstrate their commitment to working class internationalism and live up to the principles of the Chinese revolution.”
 
Dr Pervez Tahir, Reducing the burden of defence budget
The Express Tribune, 28 April 2023
“These include construction and rehabilitation of markets, educational institutions, hospitals and communication infrastructure. Around 85% of these have been completed. A total cost of Rs162 billion was mentioned. Where did this money come from? In Gwadar, where the army is providing security to the CPEC projects, the army chief announced a number of projects for the welfare of the local people from his own budget. An amount as big as Rs162 billion could not possibly have come from the army’s budget.”

In Brief 
POLITICS
NA Speaker writes a letter to CJP on behalf of Parliament
On 26 April, Information Minister Marriyum Aurangzeb released the five-page letter written to Chief Justice of Pakistan (CJP) Umar Ata Bandial by National Assembly (NA) Speaker Raja Pervaiz Ashraf. The speaker expressed his serious concerns about the judiciary encroaching on the domain of lawmaking and appropriating the public funds currently under the control of Parliament. He urged the CJP and Supreme Court judges to exercise restraint and respect the legislation domain of the parliament. He conveyed that NA will approve the expenditure for the general elections to all the assemblies in the annual budget for the next financial year. While the NA Speaker pointed out that Article 63A provides courts with the power to interpret the Constitution, but it did not include rewriting the Constitution or undermining the parliament’s sovereignty, the other NA members were blaming Article 63A as the direct root of the present judicial-legislative tussle. The finance minister on taking the assembly floor questioned the order in which SC authorized the State Bank of Pakistan (SBP) to release PKR 21 billion. PPP leader and Foreign Minister expressed to extend his party’s support and legal expertise to help SC judges clear the confusion. He said: “Mr Speaker, only a letter will not be sufficient. If the judiciary is ridiculing and undermining this House [National Assembly], if it is insinuating that we take an unconstitutional step …… and if you go through the latest SC order, then in the eyes of the PPP, it is a contempt of the parliament. It is a breach of privilege.” (Amir Wasim, “Leave politics to politicians, NA urges CJP,” Dawn, 27 April 2023, “Bilawal accuses SC of ‘contempt of parliament’,” The Express Tribune, 27 April 2023, “Dar says SBP lacks authority to release funds for polls,” The Express Tribune, 27 April 2023)
 
PTI nominates 31 fresh candidates for Punjab polls
On 26 April, PTI released a list of party tickets for the Punjab polls. The updated list came after a review decision was taken by Imran Khan as several aspirants had lodged complaints against those picked and presented themselves as the most suited for the respective constituencies. The PTI chief’s review and change of candidates on 22 seats constitute only seven per cent of the total award of tickets to 292 candidates. Five seats are still “open” or the decision on them is “pending”. (Mansoor Malik, “Some lose, others gain tickets as Imran reviews Punjab poll candidates,” Dawn, 27 April 2023)
 
PROVINCES
Balochistan: Six policemen killed during hostage rescue operations in Jacobabad
On 26 April, six members of the Anti-Terrorist Force of Balochistan Police during a shootout while rescuing a hostage at Chand water canal. The Sindh-based Shah Mitho gang had still not released the hostage and the operation was going on. Residents of Mouladad said the Mitho Shah Gang has become a symbol of terror in the area. The bike-riding gangsters often attack police officials, rob and terrorise citizens and passengers of their valuables and break into houses. (Waseem Shamsi, Ali Jan Mangi, “Six policemen martyred during hostage rescue operation in Jacobabad,” Dawn, 27 April 2023)
 
KP: Bread makers threaten to strike over the termination of floor quota and subsidy
On 26 April, Naanbai Association, a representative body of bread oven owners announced to increase in the prices of roti, naan, and paratha in the wake of a surge in the price of flour. The association also threatened to go on strike against the termination of flour quota and subsidy in the face of the severe financial crisis. due to the acute wheat crisis, flour mills have decided to stop the supply of 10 and 15-kg flour bags. They have decided to prepare and sell 20 kg flour bags at a cost of PKR 3,100 each. (Qaiser Shirazi, “Naanbais announce strike against abolition of quota,” The Express Tribune, 27 April 2023)
 
ECONOMY
Ishaq Dar: To revive the foreign exchange reserve, CDA directed to auction plots to investors that would pay in dollars
On 26 April, Finance Minister Ishaq Dar ordered Capital Development Authority (CDA) to auction commercial plots to investors who pay in dollars, aiming to revive the foreign exchange reserves. The meeting reported on the progress of development projects for overseas Pakistanis. Ishaq Dar iterated on the value of overseas Pakistanis in the economic and developmental prosperity of the country and directed them to fast-track the development projects. Additionally, he directed the CDA to keep the process of auctioning transparent and to expedite projects on Kuri and Overseas Enclave projects. (“CDA asked to auction plots to investors who pay in dollars,” The Express Tribune, 27 April 2023)
 
Google Announces App Growth Lab for Pakistan
On 26 April, Google annouced their plan to open its first App Growth Lab in Pakistan. The project is a four-month programme aiming to find high-potential app developers and companies who want to grow their businesses. Furthermore, they would be provided with an education and support phase which would allow developers to be guided and learn from Google experts. (“Google launches App Growth Lab in Pakistan,” Dawn, 27 April 2023) 
 
EXTERNAL
China’s People’s Liberation Army to work with Pakistan military to expand cooperation
On 26 April, Central Military Commission Vice Chairman Zhang Youxia met with Pakistan COAS Asim Munir where the Peoples Liberation Army expressed their readiness to work with the Pakistani military. The aim is to further deepen and strengthen the cooperation where they work on joint safeguard measures for regional peace and stability. Asim Munir said: “Matters of mutual security interests and military cooperation were discussed. Both military commanders reiterated the need for maintaining peace and stability in the region and enhancing military to military cooperation.” ( Kamrani Yousaf, “China vows joint efforts for regional stability,” The Express Tribune, 27 April 2023)
 
PAC got 90 signatories, urges Antony Blinken to safeguard democracy in Pakistan
On 27 April, Dawn reported on The Pakistani-American Action Committee (PAC) getting 90 signatories from US lawmakers urging Antony Blinken to promote democracy in Pakistan. PAC is an organisation that funds campaigns for their preferred candidates and other ballot or legislative initiative. They expressed concerns over the current situation political crisis in Pakistan and urged the US government to pressurise the use of tools to safeguard democracy in the region. (Anwar Iqbal, “Pak PAC lobbies US lawmakers to ‘protect democracy in Pakistan’,” Dawn, 27 April 2023)
 
The US states that it does not oppose Pakistan oil deal
On 27 April, Dawn reported that the Biden administration is not against Pakistan purchasing oil from Russia. US state department spokesperson said: “Look, each country is going to make its own sovereign decisions as it relates to its energy supply.” Washington has expressed earlier that Pakistan can purchase oil from Russia as they did not sign the Washington price cap on the Russian petroleum products. (Anwar Iqbal, “US not opposing Pakistan’s oil deal with Russia,” Dawn, 27 April 2023)
 

Editorial, JI chief deserves praise
Business Recorder, 27 April 2023
“For this purpose the court decided to call representatives of all the political parties. What began as a solitary effort by Jamaat-e-Islami (JI) through its chief, Sirajul Haq, to help evolve consensus among the political parties for elections to all the assemblies in one go seems to have caught on in no time by the involvement of the highest court in the land.”
 
Editorial, C/A surplus: little to celebrate?
Business Recorder, 27 April 2023
“While this is certainly good news as it would reduce the pressure on the country’s dwindling foreign exchange reserves, 4038.3 million dollars as on 7 April 2023 (less than two months of imports with rising international price of petrol and products) and one billion dollars payable this month for maturing Eurobonds, yet the surplus for March has been achieved at the cost of four key deteriorating macroeconomic indicators: (i) due to severe exchange rate restrictions, necessitated because of low foreign exchange reserves, that include limitation on advance payments for imports against letters of credit, advance payments up to a certain amount per invoice for import of eligible items (including raw materials and semi-finished products as well as inability of power generation IPPs to either purchase key inputs or remit their profits there has been a steady decline in the large scale manufacturing index (LSMI) calculated at negative 5.56 percent July-February 2023; (ii) lower LSMI has had negative implications on exports, which declined in dollar terms from 23.350 billion dollars July-March 2022 to 21.051 billion dollars in the comparable period of this year; (iii) lower LSMI has led to job losses with around 7 million job losses in the textile sector alone by January this year with millions of families pushed below the poverty line; (iv) growth rate has declined considerably and is projected at 0.5 percent for the entire year by the International Monetary Fund (IMF).”

Editorial, DG ISPR’s presser: a rich perspective
Business Recorder, 27 April 2023
“Another question that does not have an easy answer is: what kind of understanding was reached with the Tehreek-e-Taliban Pakistan, who authorised it and what is its future? There is yet another key question: is it that the anti-armed forces social media is the brainchild of local political parties or is it an imported commodity? The people also wanted to know the army leadership’s stance on elections to the dissolved Punjab Provincial Assembly.”

Parvez Hassan, Elections within 90 days
Dawn, 27 April 2023
“From this understanding, it follows that the government’s obligation to hold elections within 90 days is intrinsically embedded in the Constitution and the government is inappropriately seeking to avoid this obligation by reference to issues raised in the separate notes of the judges, however weighty, but not affecting or relevant to the requirement of the elections within 90 days. The requirement of elections within 90 days would, undoubtedly, also effectively promote the well-recognised maxim, salus populi est suprema lex (welfare of the people is the supreme law).”

Muhammad Ali Siddiqi, First Resolution
Dawn, 27 April 2023
“What forced the Sindh Muslim League to take a leap over the rest of other ML organisations and come up with what then appeared to be a radical step was the crises Sindh’s Muslims were passing through, basically because in spite of having a Muslim majority the province didn’t have a Muslim League ministry. There were Muslim chief ministers, no doubt, but they chose to work in collusion with Congress parliamentarians or other groups to keep the Muslim League out of power.”

In Brief
POLITICS
“Conspiracy has been hatched against the federal government,” says Federal law minister
On 25 April, Federal Law Minister Azam Nazir Tarar stated that a conspiracy has been hatched against the ruling coalition government. This comes after the federal government refused to follow the court order to hold elections and might be held for contempt of court. Nazir said: “The government has done nothing so far that comes within the purview of contempt of court.” Highlighting the current audio leaks, he stated: “Some elements are conspiring.” Additionally, he questioned how could the SC halt the implementation of the Practice and Procedure Bill, when only the parliament has the mandate to make legislation. (Zulqernain Tahir, “Law minister sees conspiracy against coalition,” Dawn, 26 April 2023)
 
Imran Khan questions the current federal government on PTI’s 27th foundation day
On 24 April, Imran Khan launched PTI’s election campaign on the 27th foundation day of the party. He criticised the current government's refusal to conduct elections and said: “Establishment is with you, and so is the election commission, then why [do you] run away from elections.” He called the Rule of Law his ideology that he follows and expects his party to follow. He believes that all developed nations that are high on the index of the rule of law and Pakistan need to achieve the same. Additionally, suggested that if PTI can convince overseas Pakistanis to invest then they would be able to take the country out of the economic crunch. He also said: “By the time PTI celebrates its foundation day next year, it would have won elections and brought Pakistan out of economic mess.” (Ahmad Fraz Khan, “With ‘selectors’ on their side, Imran dares rivals to polls,” Dawn, 26 April 2023)
 
SECURITY
Relations between the army and government are apolitical, says the DG of ISPR
On 25 April, Director General Inter-Service Public Relations (ISPR) Major General Ahmed Sharif Chaudhry stated that the army is apolitical and does not side with any party. General Ahmed was addressing a press conference in Rawalpindi where he was questioned over the availability of troops for election security. He said: “The Ministry of Defence has already provided an input in this regard which is based on ground realities and active and prevailing facts.” Additionally, he stated that the by-law the federal government requires security from the armed forces for the conduction of elections under Article 245. (Muhammad Anis, “Govt-army ties apolitical, constitutional, says ISPR,” The News International, 26 April 2023)
 
Police operation detains eight outlaws from Katchi Lund
On 24 April, police detained eight outlaws from the Katchi Lund after an exchange of fire. The hideout spots for Imrani and Dalani gangs were further destroyed where the police seized hundreds of bullets and three Kalashnikov rifles. The police operation was on the 17th day where they covered infamous no-go areas which are part of several hideout areas for such gangs in the Dera Ghazi Khan and Rajanpur districts. (“Eight more outlaws arrested in Katcha area operation,” Dawn, 26 April 2023)
 
GENDER
Lack of gender sensitization in lower ranks keeps women recruitment ineffective in Bajaur
On 26 April, Dawn reported on the state of women’s recruitment in Bajaur police department. Despite, the 25^th Amendment which incorporated FATA into Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, the Dawn mentioned that regressive local customs in a male dominated atmosphere and the lack of proper accommodation facilities. (Anwarullah Khan, “Local customs hampering women’s recruitment in Bajaur police,” Dawn, 26 April 2023)
 
PROVINCE
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: Street protests organized in Swat to protest against blast in police station
On 25 April, hundreds of people protested and condemned killing and injuring of several personnel due a blast in a police station in Kabal, KP. The residents raised questions on the claims by counter-terrorism department and asserted that the people of Malakand division would no longer be “deceived in the name of terrorism dramas.” The speakers said that Pakhtuns won’t tolerate terrorism on their land anymore as they believed that acts of terrorism had always been carried out in the country to claim American dollars. (Fazal Khaliq, “Swatis pour into streets to protest police station blasts,” Dawn, 26 April 2023)
 
EXTERNAL
China assures Pakistan of continued financial support
On 25 April, Chinese Charge d’Affaires Pang Chunxue met with finance minister to discuss bilateral relations and avenues to enhance the existing cooperation in multiple fields. She also assured continued Chinese government support to Pakistan and emphasized on the need to deepen the existing ties in the economy and trade, as well as financial sectors. The News International reported that in recent weeks, China rolled over USD 2 billion and refinanced another USD 1.3 billion. (“Chinese envoy assures Pakistan of continued support,” The News International, 26 April 2023)
 
Pakistanis among other dead while trying to cross Mediterranean
On 25 April, at least 57 bodies were washed ashore after two migrant boats sank near eastern Tripoli. Coast guard informed that the migrants were from Pakistan, Syria, Tunisia and Egypt. The International Organi­sation for Migration said this month 441 migrants and refugees drowned in early 2023 while attempting to cross the Mediterranean from North Africa to Europe, the most deaths in the past six years over a three-month period. Tunisia has since taken over from Libya as the most popular departure point. (“Pakistanis among dozens dead as two migrant boats sink off Libya,” Dawn, 26 April 2023)
 
ECONOMY
ADB has committed approx. USD 40 billion to Pakistan: Factsheet
On 26 April, Business Recorder published on the Factsheet on Pakistan published by Asian Development Bank (ADB). According to the factsheet, continued efforts towards fiscal consolidation and policy reforms will be key to improvements in macroeconomic recovery and stability, especially in broadening the tax base and improving the business environment in the country. The report noted that reforms are required to promote high value-added exports, expand social spending, reinforce the energy sector’s financial and technical sustainability, and implement structural changes that will strengthen institutions and create jobs. (Tahir Amin, “Pakistan’s economy: ADB lists factors that continue to pose challenges,” Business Recorder, 26 April 2023)

Zahid Hussain, The age of audio leaks
Dawn, 26 April 2023
“The growing trend of audio leaks is a symptom of a fragile state that is unable to protect the basic human and democratic rights of the people. The increasing power of the intelligence agencies and the security establishment is nothing short of ominous.”
 
Dr Syed Akhtar Ali Shah, Is parliament absolutely sovereign?
The Express Tribune, 26 April 2023
“Governments of the parties keep on changing but laws and conventions of the Constitution remain forever and should not be tinkered with or tailor-made to suit a person or party. Let it be realised that the Constitution is supreme and there is nothing like the absolute sovereignty of the Pakistani parliament.”
 
Rafia Zakaria, Death and garments
Dawn, 26 April 2023
“Despite the fact that the Rana Plaza tragedy exposed just how horrific the consequences of ignored safety measures can be, garment workers can only keep their mouths shut and spend hour after hour making clothes for the rich people living far away, and who care little for economic and social rights of workers living in a far grimmer world.”
 
Talat Masood, The country is adrift
The Express Tribune, 26 April 2023
“No doubt, it is highly trying times which the country is passing through, but we cannot let hope fade away because the country’s strength lies in its people more than in its leaders. Look at their resilience what hardships they are suffering. Many can hardly afford one or two meals a day. Last year one third of the country has borne the additional brunt of devastating floods and many are still waiting in the camps for their turn to be rehabilitated.”

POLITICS
PML-N demands the resignation of CJP over audio leaks
On 25 April, Dawn reported on the development around the surfacing of a call recording in which the mother-in-law of the Chief Justice of Pakistan (CJP) was discussing Sou-Moto powers of the CJP with the wife of a politician from PTI. Federal Information and Broad­casting Minister Marriyum Aurangzeb asserted that if the CJP gave a verdict in favour of Imran Khan not because of the Constitution but due to the fear of his mother-in-law and upon the advice of children and wives, this will not be allowed to happen. Now, elections will be held on time and not on the advice of Gen Bajwa and the mother-in-law of anyone, she added. Imran Khan, on the other hand, asked the SC to weigh in the violation of the fundamental right to privacy and pleaded his petition to be taken up which he submitted eight months ago. (Tariq Saeed, Zulqernain Tahir, “PML-N asks CJP to step down after fresh clip surfaces,” Dawn, 25 April 2023)
 
PDM allies divided over resuming talks with PTI
On 23 April, Pakistan Democratic Movement (PDM) head Maulana Fazal-ur-Rehman reiterated that they want the PTI chief Imran Khan out of politics but the Supreme Court is including him back in the political circle. Addressing the media persons at Dera Ismael Khan, the PDM chief asked the Supreme Court not to disrespect the Parliament’s resolution regarding the release of funds for the Punjab elections. He also urged the politicians to tell the Supreme Court, respectfully, that they do trust them. It is a matter of concern and shock that the Supreme Court is completely divided today. While, on 23 April, Jamaat-e-Islami (JI) Karachi chief said that JI Pakistan supremo Sirajul Haq is striving hard to create a national consensus over the issue of elections in order to bring the entire nation on the same page. It was necessary not only for smooth sailing of affairs but to avoid anarchy in the society and the state, he added. (“JI chief vying to create consensus over elections: Naeem,” Business Recorder, 25 April 2023; “PDM chief again rules out talks with PTI,” Business Recorder, 25 April 2023)
 
ECONOMY
Pakistan suffered economic losses exceeding USD 30 billion during the floods
On 25 April, Business Recorder reported on the report ‘Annual Report 2022 Building Resilience in Challenging Times’, published by Asian Development Bank (ADB). According to the report, the floods in Pakistan impacted 33 million people, inflicted damages and economic losses exceeding USD 30 billion, and resulted in recovery and reconstruction needs estimated at USD 16.3 billion. The bank stated in October, the ADB provided Pakistan with USD 1.5 billion, along with USD 500 million in co-financing, through the Building Resilience with Active Countercyclical Expenditures Program (BRACE). Responding to this region-wide crisis, the ADB announced a USD 14 billion program over 2022–2025 to provide immediate food relief and improve long-term food security in Asia and the Pacific. (Tahir Amin, “Recovery needs estimated at $16.3bn: Floods hit 33m people, caused $30bn economic losses: ADB,” Business Recorder, 25 April 2023)
 
Pakistan has met all requirements for IMF staff-level government
On 25 April, Business Recorder reported a news in which Federal Minister for Finance and Revenue Ishaq Dar met virtually with, South Asia Vice President of the World Bank. Dar apprised the official that the Government of Pakistan had met all the conditionalities of the IMF for the revival of the loan agreement. He explained that Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates (UAE) have intimated to the International Monetary Fund (IMF) on financing to Pakistan and the government also shared a financing plan for another USD 3 billion with the IMF. (“All conditions for IMF staff-level agreement met: Dar,” Business Recorder, 25 April 2023)
 
EXTERNAL
500 Pakistanis to be evacuated to Jeddah port from Sudan
On 25 April, Dawn reported on the status of the evacuation of Pakistani expatriates from violence-hit Sudan. On 24 April, Foreign Office announced that the first batch of 500 Pakistanis have reached the country’s port safely for their onward to Saudi Arabia by sea. The 500 evacuated Pakistanis would be brought back home from Jeddah through special flights with the cooperation of the Pakistan Air Force and Pakistan International Airlines. (Kashif Abbasi, “500 Pakistanis reach Sudan port, will be evacuated to Jeddah, says FO,” Dawn, 25 April 2023)

COAS to visit China aiming to strengthen bilateral relations
On 23 April, Inter-Services Public Relations (ISPR) issued that the Chief of Army Staff (COAS) General Asim Munir would go on a four-day visit to China. The aim of this visit is to strengthen bilateral military cooperation. This is the fourth visit by COAS Munir before he went to UAE, Saudi Arabia and the UK. (Iftikhar Shirazi, “COAS Asim Munir in China on a four-day visit to enhance bilateral military relations: ISPR,” Dawn, 25 April 2023)
 
NEPRA refused to cooperate with South Korean firms; the Federal Minister of Investment disappointed
On 25 April, Business Recorder wrote about the disappointment the Federal Minister of Investment Chaudhry Salik Hussain expressed against the National Electric Power Regulatory Authority (NEPRA) for not cooperating with a South Korean company. Chaudhry made his annoyance known by writing a letter to the Chairman of NEPRA Tauseef H Farooqi, stating his concerns over their dismissal of the Korean Hydro and Nuclear Power (KHNP) company. KHNP is a South Korean company which intends to establish a 47-MW hydel power plant in KP. It is reported that the company project applied for a Generation License and tariff petition to NEPRA, which was returned on the pretext of non-inclusion of the project in the Indicative Generation Capacity Expansion Plan (IGCEP: 2022-23).The rejection has shaken the South Korean company’s confidence, so they have suspended all investment negotiations. The company’s contribution has been vital for KP as it also contributed to improving local infrastructure like healthcare facilities and education support for remote regions.The board of Investment requested to assist this company on a priority basis inorder to regain the confidence of the Korean investors. Similar issues have been faced before when Korea Southeast Power Co (KOEN) complained against NEPRA for imperilling two of their hydropower projects. (Mushtaq Ghumman, “47MW power plant in KP: Nepra not cooperating with S. Korean firm: minister,” Business Recorder, 25 April 2023)
 
SECURITY
Twelve died in a blast in Swat Valley
On 24 April, twelve people were killed and 53 injured in a blast in the Kabal area in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa owing to the collapse of Swat Valley. The blast is said to have occurred within the police station due to which a whole building collapsed. District Police Officer Shafiullah Gandapur stated that the blast was caused by the detonation of explosives stored inside the building, ruling out the possibility of a terrorist attack. The police have issued a warning requesting journalists to stay away from the debris as it may contain explosive materials. During the investigation mortar shells were found inside the CTD office which has been assumed to caught fire causing the detonation. (Agha Sheraz Khan,“‘Mysterious blast’ reduces Swat CTD building to rubble,” The Express Tribune, 24 April 2023)
 

Muhammad Ali Siddiqi, Long war threat
Dawn, 25 April 2023
“The TTP may threaten a long war and insist that their stand on Fata is non-negotiable, but it should know one bitter truth. All professional armies consider such insurgencies a training ground for their soldiers. In fact, as some might point out, even a half-century of guerrilla war will not tire Pakistan out, because it will provide an excellent training ground in war conditions.”
 
Zarrar Khuhro, Legacy and labour
Dawn, 25 April 2023
“Today, we can look back at this and be amazed that, even in the distant past, the relation between worker and boss was not so different from what it is now, nor have the tools and techniques used by both sides changed all that much. It is also a lesson that no movement truly has a beginning or an end, and that the story of mankind is the story of constant struggle.”
 
Mosharraf Zaidi, Three urgent national crises
The News International, 25 April 2023
“Enduring economic success cannot be achieved in a low productivity culture. It cannot be achieved without dramatically reducing the gender gap and ensuring much higher female labour force participation rates. It cannot be achieved by a population that is falling sick every week, every month and every year to costly, income-destroying and productivity-draining avoidable illnesses and disease. In short, election or no election, democracy or dictatorship, rule of the jungle or rule of law.”
 
Dr Farrukh Saleem, Cost of failure
The News International, 25 April 2023
“To be certain, the one thing that will make or break the PML-N government’s economic policy is circular debt. Privatization will do three things: attract investment, increase efficiency and reduce government subsidies. Private companies will operate in a competitive market with multiple buyers and sellers of electricity, leading to better quality and lower-cost services for consumers. Remember, the cost of failure is $3 billion a year, every year.”

POLITICS
NA forces the halted Practice and Procedure bill into law
On 21 April, National Assembly proposed Practice and Procedure Bill 2023 of Majlis-e-Shoora (Parliament) turn into law going against the SC verdict to halt it. The bill aims to curb the Suo Motu powers of CJP and delegate these powers between three judges. The NA notified that the bill was assented to by the president and in light of the completion of legal rules the law is sent to the gazette for publication. (“Amid SC freeze, bill clipping CJ’s power becomes law,” The Express Tribune, 22 April 2023; “NA turns bill into law, much to the displeasure of SC,” Business Recorder, 22 April 2023)
 
Shehbaz Sharif: To uphold parliament “Supreme”
On 21 April, PM Shehbaz Sharif announced to uphold parliament “supreme” in his meeting with legal experts and PML-N leaders. This comes after the months-prolonged clash between the Judiciary and the ruling coalition over the selection of dates for Punjab polls. Federal Law Minister Azam Nazir Tarar and other legal advisories warned the PM about the possible repercussions he could face for not following the court-mandated order. (Zulqernain Tahir, “In standoff with judiciary, PM Shehbaz stands firm on parliament’s supremacy,” Dawn, 22 April 2023)
 
JI: Hints of positive developments in proposal for political parties to hold talks.
On 21 April, Jamaat-e-Islami Emir (JI) chief Sirajul Haq stated a “positive development” over his initiative to hold talks between confrontational political parties PML-N, JUI-F and PTI. Additionally, he expressed that SC was delighted to support the opportunity for political parties to hold dialogue while it will not to interfere in the decision. He believed that the matter was of political concern and that only the political parties should take part in decision-making. (“JI’s bid for talks among parties: Sirajul Haq hints at ‘positive development’,” Dawn, 22 April 2023)
 
Imran Khan to review party tickets awarded after complaints were issued by contesting candidates
On 21 April, Imran Khan announces his plans to review the party tickets complaints received by the Reconciliation Committee. He tweeted: “The process of reviewing the applications sent by the 4 conciliation committees on the issue of ticket distribution will begin from tomorrow and will continue till April 26.” This comes after PTI allotted 80 per cent of their tickets to selected candidates after which discontent candidates issued complaints stating themselves as better candidates from their respective constituencies. The committee will look into grievances redressal and review the candidate list overseen by Imran Khan. (Mansoor Malik, “PTI chief to rethink tickets to pacify unhappy aspirants,” Dawn, 22 April 2023)
 
PROVINCES
PUNJAB: LHC rules out right to subsidy for wheat subsidy policy
On 22 April, Dawn reported on a ruling by Lahore High Court on recent public interest petitions demanding restoring release price of wheat flour to PKR 2200 per 40 kg from PKR 3900 per 40 kg. The judge ruled that supply and decision on subsidy rates was responsibility of the government. And judiciary did not ordinarily interfere in determination of release price and subsidies as it fell within the exclusive domain of the executive and policies framed by them. (Wajid Ahmad Sheikh, “LHC dismisses pleas against free wheat policy,” Dawn, 22 April 2023)
 
BALOCHISTAN: Custom officials launches crackdown on sugar smuggling
On 22 April, The Express Tribune reported on a crackdown operation launched by Customs Balochistan against sugar smugglers and hoarders. the sugar price jumped up from PKR 95 to PKR 130 per kilo suddenly. This happened because of the massive smuggling of sugar to neighboring Afghanistan, traders and customers claimed. PM took notice of the situation and extended his support. (Syed Ali Shah, “Crackdown on sugar smuggling launched,” The Express Tribune, 22 April 2023)
 
PUNJAB: Lahore Master Plan-2050 to be reviewed by WWF
On 22 April, Dawn published a report on decision by Lahore Development Authority (LDA) has decided to get the Lahore Division Mater Plan-2050 reviewed by the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) and Urban Unit of the Punjab Planning and Development Department. The decision comes after the LHC had suspended the master plan on lack of consultation from independent experts. (Khalid Hasnain, “LDA to get Lahore Master Plan reviewed by WWF, Urban Unit,” Dawn, 22 April 2023)
 
EXTERNAL
PTI protests against Foreign Minister’s to visit India for SCO meeting
On 21 April, Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI) Senior Vice President Fawad Chaudhry criticized the foreign minister’s visit to India would be disrespectful to the sacrifices made by the Kashmiris, adding that prioritising cooperation with India while pushing the Kashmir issue aside was part of an international agenda. While emphasizing that the PTI was in favour of friendly relations with other countries, including India, he said the PTI would not allow Pakistan to become a puppet state. He urged that relations between states should be based on equality. (“PTI slams Bilawal’s India visit decision,” Business Recorder, 22 April 2023)

Editorial, Right to ‘offend, shock or disturb’ the State
Business Recorder, 22 April 2023
“There should be no such interpretive issues now that the apex court has made it clear that the exhibition of any kind of works of art and literature is a part of the fundamental right to freedom of expression guaranteed by Article 19 of the Constitution. It is likely to trigger litigable interpretations. That would be worth having it.”
 
Pervez Hoodbhoy, Muslims aren’t this way elsewhere
Dawn, 22 April 2023
“Even in heavily policed Islamabad, it is estimated that two out of three mosques and madressahs are built on encroached land. Civic authorities stand helpless before this anarchy, unable to demolish hastily constructed structures. Government attempts to have the same prayer time for all mosques in Islamabad also foundered. Madressah reform is dead in the water. Instead, now that the Single National Curriculum is being implemented, regular schools have been turned into madressahs.”
 
Javed Younas, Breaking the status quo
Dawn, 22 April 2023
“Why can’t our bureaucrats live in a one kanal house — official or privately rented — and the state sell off the big sarkari mansions all over the country? That alone will earn trillions of rupees for the exchequer. The proceeds can be used to build an endowment fund that can pay for their children’s education and other special allowances.”
 
Shafqat Kakakhel, Energizing the Indus Waters Treaty
The News International, 22 April 2023
“The two main sources of fresh water in India and Pakistan are the melting of the ice and snow stored by the glaciers and the twice-yearly monsoon winds – both of which are acutely vulnerable to climate change. The HKH glaciers are among the least monitored and least researched among glacier systems. One of the consequences of climate change is reduced flows in the Indus rivers. If there is a substantial decrease in the flows of any one of the western rivers due to climate change even during the period of abundant supply (June-September), the IWT does not suggest how reduced supplies to Pakistan are to be addressed, avoiding misunderstanding.”

POLITICS 
President approves amendments to Tax Law Bill 2023
On 20 April, President Dr Arif Alvi approved amendments to Tax Law Bill 2023. The amendment includes the Federal Board of Revenue's proposal for new taxation measures to acquire PKR 300 billion. The revenue impact was initially estimated to be PKR 200 billion, which was increased by the rates of capital value tax on imported and local vehicles. The proposal to increase advance tax on the sale of the property will generate PKR 20-30 billion. The withdrawal of sales tax exemption on the import of raw materials used for export manufacturing would generate an aggregate of PKR 20-25 million. (Sohail Sarfraz, "Rs300bn taxation measures thru Ord on the way," Business Recorder, 21 April 2023)

Shehbaz Sharif: Judiciary can interpret the law but does not have the right to rewrite 
On 20 April, PM Shehbaz Sharif launched the 1973 Constitution mobile application. On the eve of the Pakistans Constitution's golden jubilee, the application was developed by the Ministry of Information, Minister Marriyum Aurangazeb, with the National Database and Registration Authority. While addressing the programme, he expressed that Pakistan is facing a constitutional challenge and requires states to demonstrate wholeness. Furthermore, he told his concerns stating that the Judiciary does have the power to interpret the law but has no jurisdiction to rewrite them, and they deem it right. He said: "It does not happen anywhere in the world that a court issues a stay order against a legislation which is still in the making." (Abdul Rasheed Azad, "'Judiciary can't rewrite the law': PM," Business Recorder, 21 April 2023)

Ruling coalition calls the court-mandated talk with PTI as being "at gunpoint" 
On 21 April, Dawn reported on ruling coalition parties rejecting court orders to hold talks with PTI on conducting polls on 14 May. PPP chairman Bilawal Bhutto-Zardari and JUI-F chief Maulana Fazlur Rehman expressed the court-issued dialogue between political parties as being "talks at gunpoint." Bilawal said: "The heads of all coalition parties, including myself, disagree with the Supreme Court's order regarding talks under the court's supervision and consider the order as conducting of talks with a gun to [our] heads." Furthermore, Bilawal expressed that while difference of opinion persisted and that he was on his way negotiating, but courts action made it more difficult. PTI leader Fawad Chaudhry who earlier was in favour of talks, now states that talks would be only possible under the preview of court. Additionally, he emphasized that for any talks to happen the political temperature needs to be accommodative. He further reiterated that such negotiation would not be possible if there is a crackdown against PTI workers. Jamaat-i-Islami leader Sirajul Haq stated that the court should let the politicians decide when and where the elections should be held as they all have a point of view. (Syed Irfan Raza, Muhammad Irfan Mughal, "Ruling allies say no to talks 'at gunpoint'," Dawn, 21 April 2023; Zaki Abbas, "PTI favours court's cover for talks even as govt sees red flags," Dawn, 21 April 2023)

JUDICIARY
SC gave political parties one week to reach a consensus over the election date issue 
On 20 April, the three-member bench mandated that the political parties hold talks and come to a decision by this week on the disagreement over the dates for conducting polls. The extension of the date came after AGP Mansoor Usman Awan expressed that owing to Eid, several leaders and workers would have left or plan to leave for their hometowns and therefore require the extension. Ji chief Sirajul Haq stated that the decision could be easily made if both PDM, with their coalition and PTI, agreed to step back from their stance. PTI leader Shah Mahmood Hussain Qureshi expressed that he was accepting to hold negotiations over the issue of election dates but urged that the process needs to be open-ended and not a ploy to further delay elections. (Nasir Iqbal, "Apex court gives parties a week to pick date for polls," Dawn, 21 April 2023)

PROVINCES
Punjab: PML-N assures aspirants of no possibility of the election on 14 May
On 20 April, Dawn published news on the no action on the distribution of tickets among PML-N. Dawn quoted unknown sources, which empowered PML-N to not take the effort to distribute tickets as elections on 14 May were doubtful. Dawn quoted one source which said: "The Sharifs think that even if the SC sticks to its decision to hold the Punjab elections on 14 May after the failure of political parties to reach a consensus on the same-day polls for all provincial and national assemblies, the federal coalition with the help of the powers-that-be would find a way to achieve its target." (Mansoor Malik, Zulqernain Tahir, "Confident polls will not be held on 14th, 'N' issues no tickets," Dawn, 21 April 2023)

Balochistan: HRCP releases report 'Balochistan's Struggle for Hope'
On 20 April, the Human Rights Commission of Pakistan (HRCP) released its report on human rights in Pakistan. In the report, the commission expressed deep concerns over mounting public frustration in Balochistan on enforced disappearances, economic exclusion, curbs on press freedom and allegations of political manipulation by the establishment. It also noted with concern the state's widespread use of enforced disappearances to muzzle dissent. Broad themes in the report were securitization, lack of press freedom, enforced disappearances and marginalized communities. (Saleem Shahid, "Disappearance a tool to curb dissent: HRCP," Dawn, 21 April 2023)

Sindh: Judiciary will be responsible for consequences if elections not held simultaneously
On 20 April, Pakistan People's Party Sindh president, during a press conference in Larkana warned that Sindh would not accept any other verdict on elections except the one ordering polls (for all assemblies) to be held on one day. He mentioned that the Supreme Court had not yet addressed the crux of the issue, whether the dissolution of Punjab and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa assemblies was legitimate. Therefore, he referred to the Election Act's Article 69 and demanded elections should be held on one day ("Khuhro says Sindh won't accept verdict if polls held separately," Dawn, 21 April 2023)

ECONOMY
Government assures IMF of not setting up new SOEs
On 21 April, the Ministry of Finance released its draft State-Owned Entity (SOE) Policy which said the government has decided not to set up any new state-owed entity (SOE) in future unless required for strategic reasons or under an agreement with any country and gradually divestment or privatization 200 loss making SOEs. The only exemption where the federal government could consider establishing a new SOE would be that no private sector firm operates within the relevant sector providing the goods and/or services that the new SOE will provide. (Khaleeq Kiani, "Govt won't set up new state-run entities," Dawn, 21 April 2023)

SPI rises to all-time high of 47.23 per cent
On 20 April, according to weekly data released by the Pakistan Bureau of Statistics (PBS), the Sensitive Price Index (SPI) recorded an all-time high of 47.23 per cent year-on-year (YoY) inflation for the week ending 19 April. The SPI tracks the prices of 51 essential items in 50 markets across 17 cities in Pakistan. During the week in question, prices of 29 items rose, eight decreased, and 14 remained stable. ("SPI inflation reaches all-time high of 47.23%," The Express Tribune, 21 April 2023)

EXTERNAL
EU: EUR 1.7 million initiative to further civil society organizations 
On 21 April, The Express Tribune reported on European Union announcing a EUR 1.7 million initiative to aid and promote Civil Society Organizations (CSOs). The proposal stated that for the EU human rights and democracy are vital values they believe in and that these values are vital to reach the goal for sustainable development, aiming to build an inclusive and resilient society. The aim of this initiative is to strengthen the capabilities of CSO's like media and journalists.("EU launches €1.7m human rights initiative," The Express Tribune, 21 April 2023)

Zafar Mirza, Constitutional abyss
Dawn, 21 April 2023
“The list of our miseries is long and tragic. Why, despite our abysmal and worsening socioeconomic conditions and the state of our civil, political and cultural rights, have we become least relevant in the ongoing constitutional debates and suo motu actions of our superior courts?”

Abbas Nasir, All that thunders
Dawn, 21 April 2023
“During Wednesday’s hearing, the court issued notices to all political parties to send their representatives to the court on Thursday and “if the parties can agree on one date for elections” (to the national and the provincial assemblies) then perhaps the court could find ‘enough leeway’ to accommodate them. One can be sure this leeway will conform to the Constitution.”
 
Dr Pervez Tahir, 14 May day: interests and constitution
The Express Tribune, 21 April 2023
“Ironically, the judiciary has jumped in to bring the warring parties together. The coalition’s betting on the supremacy of the Parliament is failing. The faux pas on supplementary budget undid it. Or, is it the petition by an alien?”
 
Shahzad Chaudhry,In an alternate world
The Express Tribune, 21 April 2023
“What about the two provinces in question? A 4-month long technocratic replacement of the current interim order or an extension to their current status with reinforced and greatly more capable administrators can fill the void. It is the time for answering unusual challenges with unusual options. We shouldn’t be seen to dither.”

POLITICS
Bilawal’s outreach to Fazlur Rehman to unite PDM on talks with PTI
On 19 April, Bilawal Bhutto led a three-member delegation of the PPP for his meeting with Maulana Fazlur Rehman, president of PDM and JUI-F, to convey a special message from former President Asif Ali Zardari and in an effort to build a consensus among the ruling coalition on holding negotiations with the opposition PTI. Dawn quoted sources which said on the question of uncertainty from Imran Khan by PDM President, Bilawal Bhutto stressed that talks were the “solution to all crises in a democracy,” the meeting stressed the need for sustainable democracy and the positive constitutional role of the institutions. JUI-F President promised Bilawal to get back to him after consulting his party. Later, while meeting with the PM, Bilawal Bhutto insisted on holding the political dialogue, stressing that closing the doors on talks was not only against his party’s principles but also an undemocratic and non-political move. (Khalid Mehmood, “Bilawal woos Fazl for talks with PTI,” The Express Tribune, 20 April 2023)
 
Ex-CJP Nisar clarifies on blame against him by PM
On 19 April, former CJP Mian Saqib Nisar termed PM’s allegation against him as lies and protested that the PM should not blame the judiciary for his failures. The PM had alleged that the former CJP wanted his brother recruited in PKLI hospital, CJP refuted this entirely. Earlier this week, Saqib Nisar had revealed that the judiciary invested in the dam money and which increased USD 850 million. Post his retirement, he had passed on the responsibility to five-member-bench. (“Saqib refutes allegations leveled by Shehbaz,” The Express Tribune, 20 April 2023)
 
PROVINCES
Sindh: Dacoits storm police station in Ghotki district, two killed and several injured
On 19 April, dacoits from Jagirani tribe killed two policemen in an attempt to take revenge of the encounter of two of their clansmen in a police station in Ghotki, Sukkur. DIG of the district mentioned that he had constituted a team to probe the attack and added that police had already blocked several accounts of dacoits to prevent spread of criminalistic videos and messages. (Waseem Shamsi, “Two policemen killed, as many wounded after dacoits storm checkpost in Ghotki,” Dawn, 20 April 2023)
 
Punjab: Dacoit ringleader slams police operation in Katcha area as drama
On 19 April, leader of Sukhani gangs of dacoits released a video clip in which he challenged the police to come to his outhouse. He asserted that police were wasting their time and weapon in ‘staging a drama’. The police is using the latest long-range weapons and armoured vehicles in the operation and have freed thousands of acres in the Katcha area of the criminals and were camping there to stop them from reclaiming the area and a huge quantity of the latest smuggled weapons was recovered from the criminals’ hideouts. Around 11,000 police personnel are engaged in the operation on both sides of the border between Punjab and Sindh. (Irfanul Haq, “Dacoits’ ringleader mocks Katcha area ‘grand’ operation,” Dawn, 20 April 2023)
 
KP: ANP president demands action against those who ‘resettled’ militants in Pakistan
On 19 April, Awami National Party provincial president Aimal Wali Khan claimed resettlements of the militants is a project of a few persons and there was a threat to his life over his stand on Pakhtun’s rights. He shared that police had nabbed suicide bombers from the Islamic State-Khurasan group and Aimal Wali was his target. He said: “The security agencies have admitted bringing the militants back to Pakistan from Afghanistan during the rule of the Pakistan Tehreek-i-Insaf government was a wrong decision, so those who took the decision should be punished.” He wished if something happened to him, ANP workers should not file an FIR rather should instead take revenge on the perpetrators of terrorists. (“Aimal Wali demands action against those who ‘resettled’ militants in Pakistan,” Dawn, 20 April 2023)
 
ECONOMY
Pakistan places the first order of the Russian crude
On 19 April, Petroleum Minister shared at a news conference that crude oil supply will start by the end of April and added that negotiations with Russia are going forward on a fast-track basis. The Minister claimed that imports are expected to reach 100,000 barrels per day if the first transaction goes through smoothly. He explained that Pakistan Refinery Limited (PRL) will initially refine the Russian crude, with other refineries to be included later after a trial run. (“Pakistan places first order for discounted Russian crude,” Business Recorder, 23 April 2023)
 
PAKISTAN OCCUPIED KASHMIR
Constituent assembly elects Anwarul Haq as POK PM
On 20 April, the members of the constituent house gathered in the house and elected its Speaker Chaudhry Anwarul Haq as the next prime minister. Mr Haq got the trust of all 48 members present in the house, including 29 from the ruling PTI as well as opposition members from the PPP and PML-N. He emerged as a joint candidate of the combined opposition and a 12-member PTI ‘forward bloc’. PTI regional president said: “Today, I have come to know about the machinations of Mr Haq. On the one hand, he was assuring PTI leadership of his efforts to save the party, on the other he was striking a deal with the establishment.” (Tariq Naqash, “Anwarul Haq elected AJK PM,” Dawn, 20 April 2023)
 

F.S. Aijazuddin, Beware the despot
Dawn, 20 April 2023
“Not all countries are as negligent with their constitutions as we have been. Each pillar of our society — the executive, the legislature, the judiciary, the establishment, and from the sidelines the media — claims superior guardianship of it. Something designed to be an all-purpose tool has become a monkey wrench with which to smite others.”
 
Ali Tauqeer Sheikh, Population and climate
Dawn, 20 April 2023
“Fifty years after Limits to Growth was printed, Pakistan has emerged as a textbook case on all five elements that were at the heart of the study. The population has increased four times from 62m in 1972 to 234m today. The rate of return on agricultural inputs has been declining, making several crops less viable. Plateauing soil productivity, loss of nutritional yield value and depletion of groundwater, forests and other resources have adversely affected the physical environment, eroded the carrying capacity of ecosystems and increased exposure to climate-induced disasters. It has also accelerated outward migration to cities, making Pakistan the most urbanised country in South Asia.”
 
Durdana Najam, Tampering with history: a case of Pakistan and India
The Express Tribune, 20 April 2023
“While Pakistani textbook board revisionists wanted the world to believe it a defender of Islam and Muslim values, the BJP-led revisionists wanted the world to see India as a product of love and non-discrimination. However, the reality is just the opposite. Will India survive hiding behind a false facade? Will the idea of creating a strong state and obedient masses work out? It has not worked for Pakistan, and the chances are it will not be for India too. Pakistan is imploding within, culturally. India will also face the same unless history is left on its own to defend itself.”
 
Adil Zahoor, The hybrid is a continuum
The News International, 20 April 2023
“In totality, since 2008, with the arrival of formal democracy in the country, regime hybridity has existed in variegated forms with entrenched control and continued interests of the establishment in the political-economic sphere of the country. Therefore, hybridity here – as Mohammad Waseem argued – is a ‘permanent repository of state authority’ rather than a specific regime’s condition and should be understood through a ‘continuum’ as suggested by Katharine Adeney.”

ELECTIONS
Defence Ministry urges SC to reconsider its order on conducting elections on 14 May
On 18 April, head of the Inter-Services Intelligence, director general of military operations and the defence secretary presented a report on readiness of the armed forces to facilitate the need of holding the elections on the same day in view of the heightened security situation in the country to the chief justice and two other judges. The report said: “Significant time is required to prepare the members of the armed forces for the election duty.” And any diversion of troops from KP and Balochistan will result in directly affecting the security situation in Punjab and Sindh. (Nasir Iqbal, “SC asked to withdraw order on May 14 polls,” Dawn, 19 April 2023)
  
ECONOMY
Textile export falls to 22.61 per cent
On 18 April, Pakistan Bureau of Statistics (PBS) published that the export of textile and clothing decreased down to 22.61 per cent from USD 1.6 billion in aggregate to USD 1.26 billion. There has been a consistent decline in export target and massive layoff in the sector. The textile industry is facing difficulties due to high energy costs, raw materials unavailable and the general slump in global demand despite Pakistan’s currency depreciation. Pakistan Textile Exporters Association chief Khurram Mukhtar blamed the government for their lack of strategy and their inability to prioritise textile export as the reason for the dip in exports. (Mubarak Zeb Khan, "Exports of textiles dip 22.61pc in March,” Dawn, 19 April 2023)
 
Wheat production sees a decrease in production by two million tons
On 19 April, Dawn reported on Federal Committee on Agriculture (FCA) meeting estimating a two million drop in wheat production in 2023. The produce aggregated in the outgoing Rabi season was 26.81 million tons while the set target was 28.4 million tons. It is reckoned that the area of cultivation also reduced from 9.3 million hectares to 9.1 million hectares. The dip in wheat production is owed to the devastating flood that shook Sindh in 2022, where the production of tomatoes and onions also suffered. The committee also set a target for production of nine million tons of rice, 786 million tons of sugar and 7.6 million tons of maze from the upcoming cycle. (Amin Ahmed, “Wheat production estimated to fall short by 2m tonnes,” Dawn, 19 April 2023)
 
A financial plan to bridge the gap of USD six billion to get the IMF deal
On 18 April, Pakistan confirmed to IMF on the financing plan to bridge the USD five-six billion gap as part of their financial requirement for the loan. The differences arose when Pakistan authorities assumed USD four- five billion while IMF estimates that the gap is USD 6 billion. Recently, IMF did iterate that Pakistan needs to find a financial plan for USD six billion in order to strike a staff-level agreement. In efforts to bridge the gap, Pakistan can expect USD two billion in funding from Saudi Arabia and UAE also committed to IMF to give an additional USD one billion. The Chinese government are likely to support USD one billion via commercial banks. Pakistan has urged IMF that holding staff-level agreements would boost their chances to secure more funding from multilateral creditors and commercial loans. Another issue that persists of the delayed 10th and 11th reviews when the Extended Fund Facility programme is set to finish by June 2023 and they are still on the 9th review. (Mehtab Haider, “Pakistan shares revised financing plan with IMF,” The News International,19 April 2023)
 
PAKISTAN OCCUPIED KASHMIR
POK: Unable to hold elections for a new leader
On 17 April, the POK assembly was unable to conduct proceeding for the election of new leader. The opposition objected the delay of election and stated: “If the PTI has a majority, why does it shy away from the constitutional process of elections for the new leader of the house?”. Additionally, three lawyers have petitioned in high to seek timely conduction of election as per the constitution. (Tariq Naqash, “Opposition objects to delay in election of AJK premier,” Dawn, 19 April 2023)
 
CHINA AND CPEC
Chinese national refuses blasphemous charges claim false accusation
On 18 April, detained Chinese national who allegedly committed blasphemy said he never made any comments and that he was being arrested over false accusation. To the Joint Investigation Team, he said: “I can’t even contemplate offending sentiments of Pakistanis and Muslims but whatever I have been facing here is nothing but a lie,” and that this was apparently the third attend to sabotage the Dasu Hydropower project. The mob of protestors stormed the place after information was spread of the accused stated that precious time was being wasted on prayers. Chinese foreign ministry issued that they are verifying the situation and said : ”The Chinese government has always required overseas Chinese citizens to abide by the laws and regulations of the host country and respect local customs, and that If this issue does involve a Chinese citizen, the embassy will provide consular protection and assistance within the scope of its duties.” (Nisar Ahmad Khan, “Chinese man flatly denies blasphemy accusation,” Dawn,19 April 2023 ;“Fury of the mob,” Dawn, 19 April 2023)
 
CMEC limits production supporting Thar power plants
On 19 April, Dawn reported that China Machinery Engineering Corporation (CMEC), provider for coal-based power plants in Thar, cut of their production by half owing to “limitation of operation.” CMEC generated 1.360 megawatts for the plants when they worked with Sindh Engro Coal Mining Company (SECMC). SECMC supported by Sindh government owes the Chinese contractors “ dollar denominated” payments, which has not been fulfilled owing to depleted foreign exchange reserves. (Kazim Alam, “Chinese mine operator in Thar halves production,” Dawn, 19 April 2023)

Zahid Hussain, Clash of institutions
Dawn, 19 April 2023
"While the political leadership must refrain from taking their battle for power to the courts and resolve their conflict through negotiations and in parliament, it is also the responsibility of the judiciary to keep itself out of the political fray. The Supreme Court must restore its credibility and end any perceptions of partiality. It is also imperative to carry out the much-needed procedural reforms that are vital to making judicial functions and the delivery of justice more effective."
 
Adeel Wahid, Hard Times
Dawn, 19 April 2023
"In other words, that feeling of complete and absolute abandonment, itself, may be a blessing from God to instil in a nation the strength to rediscover itself. And it is probably this strength to carry on that we, as a nation, need to draw upon, in this moment when all the emperors of our land stand exposed. Their bellies are full, their coffers loaded, theirs and their children’s future are already secure in near and distant lands. And while their petty infighting for the tainted crowns occasionally causes them some angst, it is not the future of this nation that gives them any sleepless nights".
 
Editorial, LSM decline
Dawn, 19 April 2023
"Business confidence is at its lowest because of government policies that are choking the economy through demand compression and import restrictions. However, it will be naïve to expect a politically beleaguered, weak government to reverse these policies and risk being blamed for a default in a highly polarised political environment — especially with elections just a few months away. It will more likely continue to suppress domestic demand and imports to avoid a ‘formal’ default even if the long-awaited crucial bailout deal with the IMF materialises."
 
Naazir Mehmood, Constitution via amendments
The News International, 19 April 2023
"What is the future of this document? In fact, the future of this country, democracy, the economy, this federation, and the general well-being of this nation depends on the constitution and on adherence to it. Yes, it does have defects and lacunae; it is not a perfect document, but there is room for improvement."
 
Syed Asad Ali Shah, Through creative destruction: Part - III
The News International, 19 April 2023
"Political parties play a crucial role in the functioning of any democracy. It is an indisputable truth that the major reason that underpins our country’s lack of progress is the poor capacity of its major political parties since inception. Unfortunately, this issue has not received the attention it deserves. The only way to put the country on the path to progress is for our political parties to recognize this truth and undertake the necessary reforms to correct the serious weaknesses in their internal governance. For this, they must study and learn from mature democracies such as the UK, Canada, Australia and other developed and emerging economies."
 
Shahid Sattar, Remittances: boon or bane for growth?–I
Business Recorder 19 April 2023
"The existing research is divided on whether remittances have a net positive or negative impact on Pakistan’s political-economy. What can be said with certainty is that the relationship between remittance inflows and long-term economic growth is highly heterogeneous. While remittances definitely increase consumption amongst recipients, that consumption, however, does not necessarily translate into long-term, non-volatile growth."

ECONOMY
Shehbaz Sharif: Saudi Arabia to give USD two billion and UAE USD one billion to Pakistan
On 17 April, PM Shehbaz Sharif announced that Saudi Arabia will provide Pakistan with USD two billion for foreign exchange reserves. He said: “Showing great kindness, Saudi Arabia has provided us another $2 billion while the United Arab Emirates (UAE) has also promised to give us $1b.” He iterated that while Pakistan has met all conditions to get a loan from IMF, the condition of foreign currency reserves remain precarious.(“‘Pakistan gets another $2b from S Arabia’,” The Express Tribune, 18 April 2023)
 
POLITICS
JI: Imran Khan did not demand cases withdrawal in turn for approving All Party Conference
On 17 April, Jamaat-e-Islami (JI) Siraj-ul-Haq stated that Imran Khan did not put any conditions for withdrawal of cases against him in turn of attending the all-party conference. He expressed various other difficulties he was facing amid the present political climate. Siraj-Ul-Haq stated that both leaderships have agreed to hold talks. The inability to resolve the political crisis will lead to the gap being filled by imposing emergency and martial law. He reiterated that consensus need to be achieved if not it would be the people who would be suffering owing to their incapability. (“Imran didn’t link talks to cases’ withdrawal: Siraj,” The News International, 18 April 2023)
 
NA rejects bill on releasing funds for ECP citing, law minister claims that only NA accords approval of expenses from the Federal Consolidated Fund
On 17 April, the National Assembly (NA) refused to provide PKR 21 billion to the Election Commission Pakistan to hold general elections in Punjab. The summary referred by cabinet and Standing Committee on Finance and Revenue was put to vote in NA and the summary was rejected by a majority. The law minister in his speech mentioned that the NA derives its authority on Article 82(2) and Article 84 of the constitution. SBP acting Governor Seema Kamil told the parliamentary panel that in order to comply with the order of the apex court, the SBP allocated funds of PKR 21 billion for holding elections in Punjab but it was not the authority of the central bank to release these allocated funds. (Asim Yasin and Mehtab Haider, “NA again says no to funds for Punjab polls,” The News International, 18 April 2023)
 
Deficit of sincerity and wasted moots
On 18 April, Dawn published an editorial which discussed how there is lack of insincerity on part of the political parties to converge on rapprochement and serve the public. The editorial mentioned that representatives from any political blocs have been shunned if they are critical or flexible in their approach. So, even though the party leaders are praised on their effort on rapprochement, the party workers are treated otherwise. The editorial termed this as classical case of one step forward, two steps back. The editorial concludes that mixed signals on rapprochement are doing more harm than good. (Syed Irfan Raza, “Mixed signals raise doubts about govt, PTI sincerity for talks,” Dawn, 18 April 2023)
 
POK: President forms own forward bloc in show of strength against PTI
On 18 April, constituent assembly in Pakistan Occupied Kashmir will meet to appoint a leader of the house after Tanveer Ilyas was disqualified by judicial body operational in POK. According to reports, the bloc has the backing of Pakistan People’s Party (PPP) and Pakistan Muslim League-Nawaz (PMLN). (Syed Abbas Gardezi, “Sultan forms forward bloc in AJK Assembly,” The News International, 18 April 2023)
 
CPEC
Chinese worker detained over blasphemous comments
On 17 April, a Chinese national was detained over blasphemy charges in the Upper Kohistan district. He was indicted with 14-day in judicial remand, the district officer Mohammad Khalid said: “We have arrested the foreigner suspect under blasphemy and terrorism charges and airlifted him from here to present him before the anti-terrorism court (ATC) in Abbottabad.” The accused was complaining to the workers that precious time was being wasted owing to prayer breaks. The comment enraged the workers and gathered a large frenzy threatening to storm Dasu Hydropower Project (DHP) if the accused is not arrested. (Nisar Ahmad Khan,“Chinese worker in custody after mob accuses him of blasphemy,” Dawn,18 April 2023)

Arifa Noor, Maverick politicians
Dawn,18 April 2023
“This is no longer the era where someone can swoop in à la Bhutto and prescribe something radical, such as nationalisation. Which is also one reason why the left no longer appears a viable option, for their policy options seem too far outside the realm of possibilities, while those such as the ‘reimagine’ lot are criticised for sticking to economic orthodoxy. The larger context will have to change before countries such as Pakistan have more space in terms of policy options.”
 
Abbas Moosvi, On freedom
The Express Tribune,18 April 2023
“There are three central questions developing nations in particular face today with regard to freedom: a) What is its nature? b) Who it is for? And c) What function does it serve? All three of these have received little critical attention from local intellectuals, almost as if their answers were self-evident — leading to major catastrophes.”
 
Editorial, Uniformed criminals
Dawn, 18 April 2023
“Why are police officers so brazenly abusing the powers granted to them by the state to perpetuate the same criminal activities that they have been tasked with eliminating? These and related questions must be addressed by police high-ups and the provincial government. They owe an explanation to the citizens of Karachi.”
 
Muhammad Hamid Zaman,Institutions of inhumanity
The Express Tribune, 18 April 2023
“In a country where animal welfare is never seriously considered or discussed, where veterinarians are few and not adequately trained, where funding for public places is non-existent and where facilities stay permanently in a state of disrepair, there cannot be any justification for any zoo. We need to treat everyone and everything with dignity. It is time for these public and private centres of torture to be closed forever.”
 
Dr Niaz Murtaza,Our finance czars
Dawn,18 April 2023
“The only way a team even remotely resembling a dream team can attain power soon until the grassroots parties expand is if the PDM follows the Congress model, where family patriarchs run parties and appoint able persons to govern.”

In Brief
ECONOMY
Tackling external payment commitment with short-term inflows through government debt instruments
On 17 April, Dawn published an editorial by the previous SBP governor, who slammed the government for using a wrong monetary instrument to restrict demand and bring down inflation. The author mentioned that the government continues to go into circular argument when it borrows from banks while raising interest rates, as demand in Pakistan is multifaceted. More borrowings to raise foreign exchange reserves, to discharge existing debt obligations and finance our trade deficits will merely lead to a higher level and more difficult to service debt, in an economy that is fast shutting down. The government has pushed out small manufacturing units after raising interest rates, it has guaranteed profits for banks and creditors while the demand of the common man is being restricted and destroyed, and the government is helpless in restraining the demand of the affluent classes. This dampens the scope of economic growth as wage price spiral would not catch up with the inflation-wage cycle as the labour force is increasing at a lower pace. Cartelisation and political inelasticity in expenditures have increased complexity of the moentary policy on controlling inflation. (Shahid Kardar, "Tackling inflation with wrong instrument," Dawn, 17 April 2023)

A report too late to help, says Dawn on the World Bank review
On 17 April, Dawn published an editorial on the World Bank's Pakistan Federal Public Expenditure Review. The editorial mentioned that widening fiscal deficits have led to a rapid accumulation of public debt, which reached 78 per cent of GDP. Lack of fiscal and debt sustainability has led to repeated boom-and-bust cycles of the last few years. The editorial on the recommendations of the report says that Pakistan has avoided similar reforms for decades and will not likely make a difference. ("Large deficits," Dawn, 17 April 2023)

JUDICIARY
Dawn editorial on judicial morality and Parliamentary authority
On 17 April, an editorial in Dawn looks into the morality of the Supreme Court and the authority a parliament can yield. This comes after the Practice and Procedure Bill (2023) was passed, which triggered the contention for supremacy. The bill came in motion over the accusation of the CJP forming a biased bench in matters of the court hearing. The bill now halted by the SC proposes to limit the Suo Motu powers of CJP by delegating decision-making power between three judges. While the concerns over CJP's power and the demand to regulate them have been part of a longstanding legal dilemma. Additionally, the halting of the bill also created a debate over the powers of the court to injunct legislation that has not yet become a law. The moral legitimacy of the SC is questioned whether they can suspend a bill and if that crosses constitutional mandate. Furthermore, the parliament has released another legislation on the Supreme Court Review of Judgments and Order Bill, which aims to review facts and laws of the court. Some legal experts call it a "camouflaged legal attack," where the government can place their appeal in the form of a review. (Usama Khawar, "A bill of contention," Dawn, 17 April 2023)

PAKISTAN OCCUPIED KASHMIR
PTI has yet to choose a Prime Ministerial candidate
On 16 April, the ruling party PTI and the opposition in POK were unable to decide on a Prime Ministerial candidate. This has led to a political crisis in the region with the legislative assembly session being adjourned. Currently, out of 31 members, there are 24 who are under the ruling PTI, where one is accused of being "abducted" by the opposition owing to which the session was adjourned. (Tariq Naqash, "AJK PM's election deferred, again," Dawn, 17 April 2023)

Kamran Yousaf, Pakistan's predicament: three scenarios
Dawn, 17 April 2023
"The IMF, World Bank and Asian Development Bank have presented a bleak economic outlook not just for the current fiscal year but for the next year too. No matter which party forms the government after the elections, their job would be cut out. The incoming government even with a two-thirds or a three-fourths majority would not be able to do much. The present crisis is of an epic proportion and perhaps 'Pakistan is at the crossroads' is no more a cliché as it depicts reality."

Shahid Javed Burki, Pakistan and the evolving global system
The Express Tribune, 17 April 2023
"The country's policymakers must inform themselves well about the changes that are occurring in the global economic and political systems. Today, Pakistan lives in virtual isolation, increasingly distant from the world outside its borders. It should work towards greater global integration. There is much to do. At the top of its priorities should be the achievement of political stability."

Hussain H Zaidi, Constitutionalism: the missing links
The News International, 17 April 2023
"A sanctimonious society has little room – as well as use – for dialogue, debate, logic and argumentation for addressing public issues. Such methods are dismissed as a sign of moral weakness. Instead, it relies on sanctions, force and coercion in dealing with disagreement and dissent. In such a society constitutionalism will remain at best on sufferance."

Dr Naazir Mahmood, The 24th and 25th amendments
The News International, 17 April 2023
"The JUI-F and PkMAP were against the merger calling it a forced and unjustifiable amendment. All said and done, the 25th Amendment sought to establish a uniform regulatory foundation for Fata, but the process and fast pace with which this amendment crossed all barriers within seven days raised concerns about the influence of non-political forces in such matters, as happened with some of the earlier amendments as well."

In Brief

POLITICS
Parliamentary Commentary kickstarts work on election proposals
On 14 April, the parliamentary panel started its proceedings on the proposals put forth by the Election Commission of Pakistan (ECP) to amend the Elections Act 2017. Chief Election Commissioner (CEC) had proposed to empower ECP on picking the date of general polls under Sections 57(1) and 58(1) of the Elections Act 2017. Under the above sections, President announces the date for general polls while ECP opposed the power and role of the President under its mandate of free and fair elections under Article 218 (3) of the constitution. (Sardar Sikander Shaheen, “Amendments to election law: work begins on ECP proposals,” Business Recorder, 15 April 2023)
 
NA passes ‘SC (Review of Judgements and Orders) Bill’
On 14 April, the National Assembly passed the “Supreme Court (Review of Judgements and Orders) Bill, 2023” aimed at giving a right of appeal under Article 184 of the constitution. As per the Bill, under Article 18 of the constitution, now a review petition may be filed within 60 days of the passing of the original order, a legal recourse not available before in Pakistan. According to Shiza Fatima Khawaja, who moved the bill, it will facilitate and strengthen apex court in the exercise of its powers to review its judgments and orders. The National Assembly also passed the Code of Civil Procedure Amendment Bill, of 2023 and the National Accountability Amendment Bill, of 2023. (Naveed Butt, Zulfiqar Ahmad, “NA passes ‘SC (Review of Judgements and Orders) Bill’,” Business Recorder, 15 April 2023)
 
Zardari dismisses elections beyond October, defends PDM on the stabilising economy
On 14 April, Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP) leader and former president Asif Ali Zardari in an interview with Geo News termed the idea of holding elections in October as ‘foolish’. He asserted that elections should be held as early as possible, but on the same day and with a level playing field for all parties. On the question of his role in horse-trading, he said: “Is it easy to buy the support of the Mengals, Bugtis, Magsis and Bhutanis through any temptation? No, they only joined us for the sake of betterment of the country.” He expressed confidence that the ruling Pakistan Democratic Movement (PDM) alliance would continue. He shared that he still wishes Parvez Elahi to join the PDM ranks. (Syed Irfan Raza, “Zardari terms taking polls beyond October ‘foolish’,” Dawn, 15 April 2023)
 
COAS discusses ‘3-D’ plan in National Assembly
On 14 April, Chief of Army Staff (COAS) General Syed Asim Munir during an in-camera briefing to members of the National Assembly agreed that terrorists had been allowed to regroup and declared that a three-pronged plan, deter, dialogue and development was the orientation of the Army to root out terrorism. He further said that the terrorists were left with no option but to accept the writ of the state. Gen Munir also urged politicians to leave aside their differences. According to a lawmaker, the army said that instead of working for ‘new or old Pakistan’, politicians should unite for “our Pakistan”. (Malik Asad, “Military, political leaders agree to revisit anti-terror policy,” Dawn, 15 April 2023)
 
PROVINCES
Punjab and KP: PM summons AGP prior to SC hearing
On 14 April, Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif called a meeting with AGP Mansoor Usman Awan before the SC hearing on the government's non-fulfilment to provide poll funds. This comes after weeks of legal confrontation between the coalition government and the three-member court bench headed by CJP Umar Bandial. The court mandated that there shall not be any further delay in the conduction of the election in Punjab and the Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa region. Opposing this verdict the ruling government refused to comply and allocated the funding for the election by 10 April. AGP was summoned before Shehbaz Sharif to discuss the issue and said: “How can funds be released when the parliament has prohibited it?” Furthermore, he stated that he would support the government's cause at the SC hearing. (“PM summons AGP ahead of Punjab polls funds delay hearing,” The Express Tribune, 14 April 2023)
 
K-P: Soaring abduction cases in the region
On 15 April, The Express Tribune reported on the rising abduction cases in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa region. On 13 April, police intercepted an attempt to abduct a 19-year-old in the Bajur district. The police were informed of the attempt by the vigilant residents and the accused were in the act. In a similar incident on 11 April, local residents prevented an attempt to kidnap a minor girl. The soaring abduction cases have rendered worry among the locals. (Hanifullah, “Kidnapping incidents on the rise across ex-FATA,” The Express Tribune, 15 April 2023)
 
Sindh: Elephant Noor Jehan fights for her life after falling into a pond, KMC denies responsibility
On 15 April, Dawn reported on the life-threatening condition facing Noor Jehan, an elephant after falling into the pond inside her enclosure. The elephant was trapped inside the pond a day prior. Additionally, Noor Jehan’s hind legs were partially paralysed making her at risk to be near the pond. Karachi Metropolitan Corporation (KMC) administration was negligent to Noor’s condition and did not consider enclosing the pond owing to it being a constant threat to other ill elephants. KMC officials refused to take responsibility for the incident and that they had no plans to conduct an inquiry as they believe the animals were not neglected. Currently, Noor is being treated with the help of the Four Paws Foundation, “Her position was changed twice since yesterday with the help of a crane but she has shown no strength to stand on her feet.” (Faiza Ilyas, “As Noor Jehan battles for life, KMC avoids taking responsibility for negligence,” Dawn, 15 April 2023)
 
ECONOMY
Ishaq Dar: Requests to expedite approval to release USD 900 million loans from multilateral institutions. 
On 14 April, Finance Minister Ishaq Dar requested expediting approval for USD 900 million in loans before the Staff level meeting with IMF. Pakistan looks for USD 450 million budget for Resilient Institutions for Sustainable Economy (RISE-II) as they have met all conditions but it is yet to do the same for the PACE-II loan. Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) President, Jin Liqun hinted that they plan to provide a loan for USD 250 million to co-finance the World Bank package. Ishaq Dar has said to inform the World Bank VP Martin Raiser of Pakistan's completion of World Bank-conditioned reforms. Currently, Pakistan combined two loans from World Bank and AIIB estimating USD 900 million to secure a board meeting with IMF. The early, approval of loans would beneficial for the country as it would be able to start some programmes and revamp its view as seen by the global lenders. To complete all reforms Pakistan harmonized GST between the centre and four federating units, they also withdrew sales tax subsidies and reduced general subsidies. Pakistan now faces the hurdle of reaching conditionalities for PACE-II loans. (Shahbaz Rana, “Dar urges release of $900m loans,” The Express Tribune, 15 April 2023)
 
World Bank: Macro Poverty Outlook for Pakistan: April 2023 reports on the economic stress facing Pakistan
On 15 April, Business Recorder reported on the Macro Poverty Outlook for Pakistan: April 2023 by the World Bank.They estimate a decline in GDP per capita income to USD 1,399.1 in 2022-2023 from USD 1,613.8 in 2021-2022. The per capita growth is expected to be -1.5 per cent in 2022-2023 a fall from 4.2 per cent in 2021-2022. This year is expected to witness a rise in the unemployment rate is 10.2 per cent compared to 10.2 per cent in 2021-2022. The lower middle income is also expected to see a rise of 37.2 per cent while the Gross investment in the country is set to decline to 106 per cent. (Tahir Amin, “World Bank estimates fall in GDP per capita income to $1,399,” Business Recorder, 15 April 2023)

Farrukh Khan Pitafi, Wages of ideology
The Express Tribune, 15 April 2023
“Liberalism around the world is counting its final days. And the name of its most likely assassin? Ideology. In today’s polarised world, where both-sidism has become the gold standard of objectivity, a fact is often obscured by loud debates. That liberalism in its purest form is not an ideology but an absence of it.”
 
Dr. Rana Jawad Asghar, Next pandemic: Marburg, Ebola or Bird Flu?
The Express Tribune, 15 April 2023
“Recent outbreaks of Avian (bird) flu H5N1 have killed hundreds of millions of chickens around the globe, which is one reason why the prices of poultry and eggs have recently gone up. It has already spread to 80 different species of birds and has also killed mammals like seals, dolphins, otters, foxes and dogs.”
 
Zafar U Ahmed, Outlining a charter of the economy
Dawn, 15 April 2023
“Pakistan’s economy has been in crisis for a large part of its existence. However, a stage has now been reached where personal, party and institutional interests and differences ought to be restrained and all stakeholders need to agree to some basic principles and policies.”
 
Mansoor Hassan Khan, Ensuring sovereign default
Dawn, 15 April 2023
“The biggest obstacle to Pakistan’s economic growth is our outdated and ineffective judicial system. Pakistan needs sophisticated foreign investors who come here with capital, superior technology, and management skills. Such investors don’t pay bribes, no matter how large or small the quantum, and cannot wait forever for justice from the local courts. These investors expect a dependable legal system that ensures to their investments a minimum level of protection — unlike local investors, foreign investors have 195 other countries to choose from!”
 
Javed Jabbar, A malleable charter
Dawn, 15 April 2023
“Recent and ongoing comments about the democratic dimension of the Constitution ignore hard, inconvenient truths. Its original version was distorted by civilian, not military action, in less than a year. The First Amendment of May 1974, ostensibly redefining the territorial composition of the state post-1971 was also used to, among other things, allow judges from one province to be transferred to the high court of another province.”
 
Farhat Ali, Shift away from USD picking up the pace
Business Recorder, 15 April 2023
“The US dollar has been the world’s reserve currency since 1944, following the Bretton Woods Agreement, replacing the British sterling by the end of World War II. For many analysts, this shift directly challenges the dominance of the US financial system, one of Washington’s most potent tools to exert influence worldwide. How the US will be resetting its policy to regain the ground in coming months and years is a question that has no clear answer at this point in time.”

In Brief

POLITICS
SC: barres Practice and Procedure bill as the parliament rejects money bill for polls
On 13 April, an eight-member SC bench halts the Practice and Procedure Bill which curbs Suo Motu powers of CJP. They stated that this is to prevent dangerous decisions that would be irreparable. CJP expressed concerns over the bill they said: “The court has great respect for parliament but it also has to examine if any constitutional deviation, violation or transgression has taken place while enacting the Supreme Court (Practice & Procedure) Bill, 2023,” The bench claimed that constitution does not allow parliament to interfere altering the jurisdiction of the court. The hearing proceeded with Advocate Imtiaz Siddiqui calling the bill a “proposed action”, to which the court reiterated their concerns about the independence of the judiciary. Additionally, the NA rejected the money bill that sought funding to conduct polls. PTI leaders opposed the coalition government's move to defy the court mandate and plan to hold elections in October. The lower house stated their doubts over the judiciary’s attempt to “usurp the authority of the parliament to legislate and interfere in its constitutional jurisdiction.” Prior to this, a standing committee rejected the asked sum for the general election in Punjab and KP region. (Nasir Iqbal, “SC puts on hold non-existent law in pre-emptive strike,” Dawn, 14 April 2023; Khaleeq Kiani, “Parliament ‘defies’ SC order, turns down bill for poll funds,” Dawn, 14 April 2023)
 
PPP: Establishes a three-member body to persuade political parties to initiate dialogue
On 13 April, PPP chairman Bilawal Bhutto Zardari establishes a three-member body aimed to persuade coalition government allies to hold talks with PTI. The party is concerned with political parties being in a deadlock. Another senior leader of PPP Hiader Zaman stated that this initiative can mandate a positive impact in bringing all parties together to sort political issues related to the economy and elections. (Zulqernain Tahir, “PPP names panel to prepare ground for talks with PTI,” Dawn, 14 April 2023)
 
PROVINCE
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: government unable to pay salaries to employees
On 13 April, the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa government announced their inability to pay salaries to its employees ahead of Eid owing to the unavailability of funds. The province requires PKR 48 billion to pay its employees, says finance minister Humayatullah Khan. He further complained the province did not receive its account for net hydel profit and that centre owes PKR 62 billion in hydel profit. Additionally, he said, PKR 238 billion were due in federal transfers for the KP government. (Umer Farooq, “Cash-strapped KP govt won’t pay employees before Eid,” Dawn, 14 April 2023)
 
Karachi: flour crisis furthers as food department refuses to supply grains
On 14 April, reports The Express Tribune on the rise in price and shortage of flour in Karachi. Pakistan Flour Mills Association head Chaudhry Muhammad Aamir blames the Sindh food department for preventing the shipment of wheat to the mills. He additionally stated that Sindh was not supplying the set quota of what to the mills and was not allowing the mills to buy from others. Furthermore, the government imposition on the inter-district movement of wheat leads charging of bribes. He said: “If the Sindh government does not accept the demands of the flour mills owners, all flour mills will shut down from Thursday midnight and this strike will continue for an indefinite period until the demands are met.”(“Millers’ strike looms as flour crisis worsens,” The Express Tribune, 12 April 2023)
 
Lahore: HRW found RUDA using antiquated laws to evict farmers from their lands
On 14 April, reports The Expres Tribune on the Human Rights Watch(HRW) found in Lahore of Ravi Urban Development Authority (RUDA) using antiquated colonial-era law to evict farmers of their land. They used the Land Acquisition Act of 1894 where the government can acquire land from an individual for ‘Public purpose’. Once the land is decided to be required for public purposes the individual has no choice but to accept.  HRW found this law in direct violation of Article 23 which gives the right to every citizen to acquire and hold property and land. Additionally, no person can be compulsorily deprived of their land. Furthermore, the law also does not provide regulated criteria to provide market-based compensation to the land owners. (Muhammad Shahzad,“‘RUDA using colonial-era law to evict farmers’,” The Express Tribune, 14 April 2023)
 
Balochistan: Establishes first all-women anti-riot unit
On 13 April, reports The Express Tribune on the formation of the first-ever anti-riot all-women unit in Pakistan. IGP of Balochistan Abdul Khaliq Sheikh said: “This is a major development towards women’s empowerment and ensuring women’s representation in the police.” The aim of the establishment of 40 female anti-riot unit was to encourage women's participation in police contingencies. (“Balochistan police raise country’s first ever women anti-riot unit ”The Express Tribune, 14 April 2023)
 
ECONOMY
IMF staff level talks nearing conclusion
On 14 April, Finance Minister Ishaq Dar tweeted about the confirmation of USD 1 billion of bilateral support from UAE. On 13 April, post the virtual talks, a handout was released by the Finance Ministry not mentioning any breakthrough in staff level agreement (SLA). The Express Tribune reported that IMF was not willing to accept Pakistani authorities request to reduce additional loans requirement to USD 5 billion. Finally, it was agreed that half of it (USD 6 billion) has to be materialized before the staff level agreement. Pakistan told IMF that Saudi Arabia has consented to provide USD 1 billion and rest would be arranged through outsourcing of three international airports in Pakistan. The authorities did not have a plan on the petrol subsidy announced by PDM in recent weeks. On 13 April, during a press conference in Washington IMF Managing Director Kristalina on the query of progress of IMF-Pakistan SLA said: “We have been working very hard with the authorities in Pakistan within the context of our current programme to make sure that Pakistan has the policy framework that makes it possible to avoid what you are talking about.”
(Shahbaz Rana, “$6 billion financing plan remains elusive,” The Express Tribune, 14 April 2023; “UAE confirms to IMF support of $1bn for Pakistan: Dar,” Dawn, 14 April 2023; Anwar Iqbal, “IMF chief ‘optimistic’ about Pakistan deal,” Dawn, 14 April 2023)

ECC meeting: Scheme for e-bikes approved, subsidized sugar distribution approved in Punjab and PKR 
On 13 April, under Prime Minister’s Youth Programme, the government approved a subsidised electric bike and rickshaw scheme amounting to PKR 7.5 billion. The other decisions taken during the meeting of Economic Coordination Committee (ECC) of the Cabinet were about PKR15 billion loan guarantee to Pakistan International Airlines (PIA) and the sale of over 20,000 tonnes of sugar at a controlled rate of PKR 95 per kg in Punjab as retail prices jumped following export permission. The ECC also approved a summary of the Ministry of Commerce for the declaration of Customs Station Angoor Adda as an authorised export land route to Afghanistan and through Afghanistan to Central Asian Republics. (Khaleeq Kiani, “Zero-markup loans for e-bikes, rickshaws,” Dawn, 14 April 2023)
 
EXTERNAL
PM holds telephonic conversation with Iranian President, assures peace and stability in the region
On 13 April, Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif congratulated the Iranian president over resumption of diplomatic ties with Saudi Arabia and appreciated the Iranian government’s initiative on the recent operationalisation of Polan-Gabd Electricity Transmission Line. On 14 April The News International reported that PM met with President and CEO of International Rescue Committee (IRC) in further promoting capacity building for climate resilience and disaster management. On 13 April, PM tweeted: “From accusing the United States of toppling his government to now wooing the US to mend fences, Imran Niazi’s hypocrisy knows no bounds. In the process, his lies & lust for power have imperiled Pakistan’s vital foreign policy interests.” (“PM felicitates Raisi over diplomatic ties reset with S Arabia,” The News International, 14 April 2023)
 
Abandoning Afghanistan needs to be reassessed, there should be constructive engagement: Khar
On 13 April, while addressing the Fourth Ministerial Meeting of the Neighbours of Afghanistan in Samarkand, Hina Rabbani Khar, Minister of State for Foreign Affairs, Pakistan said: “We also believe that more needs to be done to eradicate the foothold of terrorist organisations from Afghanistan, without distinction and in a concerted and uniform manner. Greater cooperation and coordination with the Interim Afghan Government remains critical. We look forward to working closely with the neighbouring states and the international community to this end.” Chinese Foreign Minister Qin Gang voiced concern on displaced priorities in engagement of the world with Afghanistan, he asserted that the issue of women’s rights and interests was important, it was not the whole problem of Afghanistan, nor had it been the core and root cause of the Afghan problem. Khar held bilateral meetings with Russian, Chinese, Iranian as well as foreign ministers of central Asian countries. (Kamran Yousaf, “Neighbours urge Kabul to fulfil promises,” The Express Tribune, 14 April 2023;Mariana Baabar, “Hina Khar slams West for complete break from Afghanistan,” The News International, 14 April 2023)
 
ENVIRONMENT
Chief Meteorologist contradicts NDMA chief statement on recurrence of floods in 2023
On 13 April, Pakistan’s chief meteorologist tried to convey that prediction of around 133mm of rainfall was unlikely to cause flooding. However, he added that because of climate change, predictability has become uncertain. He explained that reduced winter nights had triggered rains. The MET chief regretted there were only 195 weather observation stations across the country when there should be one every 30 kilometres. (Imtiaz Ali, “Met chief dismisses talk of ‘another 2022 flood’ this year,” Dawn, 14 April 2023)
 
Thar coal poisoning water: report
On 14 April, The Express Tribune quoted a report by Environmental Law Alliance Worldwide (ELAW) which claims that coal power operations are harming the drinking water and the integrity of subsoil and water aquifers in Block II of the Thar coal area, posing a severe threat to public health and the environment. There is presence of toxic metals such as selenium, arsenic, mercury, chromium, and lead. Lead levels were found to be more than seven times higher than WHO standards and also in excess of Sindh standards; Mercury levels were found to be 19 to 95 times higher than WHO and Sindh standards; Selenium levels were found to be 6-20 times higher than WHO standards and Sindh standards; Arsenic levels were found to be two times higher than WHO standards. Long-term exposure to these metals can cause various health problems, including developmental delays, cognitive impairment, behavioural disorders, kidney damage, respiratory problems, neurological damage, reproductive failure, and deformities in wildlife and cattle. (Usman Hanif, “Thar coal poisoning water: report,” The Express Tribune, 14 April 2023)
 
 

Faisal Bari, Education ‘reimagining’
Dawn, 14 April 2023
“But there is no escaping the fact that education up to high school level is the state’s responsibility and will remain so. We have to reimagine ways of making the public sector work. And this is not an impossibility, as many countries have shown and continue to show. If we can work out ways in that space, that would be real reimagining.”
 
Basil Nabi Malik,Not a numbers game
Dawn, 14 April 2023
“When blessed with such a rich and diverse roster of justices, it is ill advised, to say the least, to forego the collective wisdom of the many in favour of the seemingly ‘like-minded’ understanding of a few.”
 
Aneela Shahzad,Geo-economics of democracy
The Express Tribune, 14 April 2023
“To keep the secrecy of the thief simply means your compliance in the theft! And if the US can invade Afghanistan for democracy, if it can fight against Russia for democracy, why can it not wage war against Switzerland, Singapore, Cayman Islands and the likes, for the sake of dear democracy! Because that will kill their capitalist exploitative model, their cherished ‘way of living’.”
 
Shahzad Chaudhry, Nearing a perfect implosion
The Express Tribune, 14 April 2023
“There are only two ways to avoid this unfortunate culmination: one, that political forces on both sides wake up to the explosive consequence of what may only be a gameplay for them but calamitous for the country, and resort to a dialogue which can find a way out of the current morass and dysfunction.”

In Brief

POLITICS
PTI leader Pervez Elahi calls for the disqualification of Shehbaz Sharif
On 12 April, former Punjab CM Chaudhry Parvez Elahi called for the removal of PM Shehbaz Sharif from his post for the contempt of court. This came after the disqualification of Premier Sardar Tanveer Ilyas of Pakistan-occupied Kashmir on similar grounds. He stated that the ECP had submitted a report to the SC and yet the federal government refused to hold elections or provide funds. He said: “This report is a documentary evidence of the crime committed by the government; no further proof is needed after that report. The criminals committing contempt of court don’t deserve any pardon. These incompetent rulers want to push society towards anarchy, which the judiciary will never allow.” Additionally, he criticised PML-N supreme leader Nawaz Sharif for promoting anti-national agenda and that poor people were dying for a sack of wheat owing to Ishaq Dar’s failure of economic policies. (Mansoor Malik, Amjad Mahmood, “After AJK PM, Elahi calls for Shehbaz’s disqualification for contempt,” Dawn, 13 April 2023)

Imran Khan petitioned for marrying his wife Bushra during the Iddat period
On 12 April, a petition was heard against Imran Khan for marrying Bushra Bibi during the Iddat period. Iddat is a 130-day waiting period after a women’s marriage is dissolved due to divorce or death, where she remains unmarried. Mufti Mohammad Saeed the cleric who performed the ceremony testified in court and stated that Imran Khan did request him to perform Nikah against Shariah, he said,“I was told that the Nikah was solemnised during Bushra Bibi’s Iddat as she had been divorced in Nov 2017.” The union is said to be owed to the prediction they believed that Imran Khan would become the next PM if he married her and that is why they got into the “illegal and un-Islamic union” said Mufti. (“Imran married Bushra during Iddat, Mufti tells court,” Dawn, 13 April 2023)

NDMA: Elections might face delays owing to extreme rainfall and flooding
On 12 April, the National Disaster Management (NDMA) forecasts the upcoming elections may be delayed owing to extreme monsoon rain and flooding. The chairman of NDMA has requested PKR 12 billion relief funds from the PM for the purpose of restocking in case of an emergency. Additionally, the department is upgrading its warning system so that it can make better forecasts. (Wasim Iqbal, “Expected extreme monsoon rainfall, flooding may delay next elections: NDMA,” Business Recorder, 13 April 2023)
 
JUDICIARY
Practice and Procedure Bill: Coalition government rejects eight-member bench hearing
On 13 April, the coalition government announced a joint declaration declining the formation of an eight-member bench to hear the petition against the Practice and Procedure Bill of 2023. The bill reduced CJP's powers in taking Suo Motu notice and distributing the decision-making power between three judges. Political parties PML-N, PPP, MQM-P, and ANP were united that this decision is destroying the credibility of the court. Pakistan Bar Council has criticised this bench and announced a boycott of the court to protest against the formation of the controversial bench. Additionally, the coalition government statement also said: “Every attempt to take away the authority of the Parliament and interfere in its constitutional scope will be strongly resisted; there will be no compromise on the authority of the Parliament in the light of the Constitution of Pakistan.” (“Ruling coalition rejects 'controversial' SC bench on bill clipping CJP's powers,” The Express Tribune, 13 April 2023; “SC amendment bill: Top court issues notices to PM, president,” Business Recorder, 13 April 2023)
 
ECONOMY 
Fiscal deficit to peak at 8.3 per cent of the GDP: IMF report
On 12 April, the IMF released a report “Fiscal Monitor, on the path to policy normalization” on the sidelines of IMF spring meetings. According to the report, Pakistan will miss targets related to the reduction of the budget deficit, gross public debt, and expenditures and increasing revenues during FY 2022-23 and FY 2023-24. However, the gross public debt would be reduced from 68.7 per cent of the GDP to 65 per cent in 2024. The budget deficit could increase by 2.1 per cent to 6.8 per cent of the GDP by June this year, the budget deficit is likely to reach 8.3 per cent of the GDP in FY 2023-24. (Shahbaz Rana, “Pakistan in breach of all fiscal targets,” The Express Tribune, 13 April 2023; Tahir Amim, “Fiscal Monitor: IMF projects fall in govt gross debt to 73.6pc of GDP,” Business Recorder, 13 April 2023)

USD 1.8 billion raised PIB
On 12 April, SBP started receiving bid amounts for its auction of 3-, 5-, 10-, 15-, 20- and 30-year Pakistan Investment Bonds (PIBs). No bid was submitted for 15-, 20- and 30-year long-term investment bonds. Some PKR 164.847 billion worth bids were received for 3-year PIBs, PKR 43.8 billion for 5-year and PKR 118 billion for 10-year government papers. (“Rs143.7bn raised via auction for PIBs,” Business Recorder, 13 April 2023)

ECC to consider speedy adaptation of e-bikes in the country
On 13 April, the Economic Coordination Committee of the Cabinet will consider three options to incentivise e-bikes in the country as the Ministry of Climate Change, in its EV Policy 2019, has set the EV penetration target of 50% of new sales of two and three wheeler EVs by 2030. The three schemes to be considered are cash purchase model, price sharing model and easy loan model. The proposal to incentivize 175,000 e-bikes through  Cash Purchase Model, which may be treated as a preferred option will help the government exchequer save USD 98 million during the next two years. (Mushtaq Ghumman, “Move to incentivise e-bikes: ECC set to consider three options today,” Business Recorder, 13 April 2023)

KP business community shares charter of economy with provincial government
On 12 April, Federation of Pakistan Chambers of Commerce & Industry (FPCCI) K-P Region released a press statement to develop industries, energy and mining in the province and managing the initiatives. Under the charter, all concerned departments have been directed to submit recommendations and proposals for inclusion in the provincial budget to strengthen the economy of the province. (“Business community presents charter of economy to govt,” Business Recorder, 13 April 2023)

EXTERNAL
Hina Rabbani to lead Pakistan at “Neighbouring Countries of Afgha­nis­t­­an”
On 13 April, the fourth meeting of “Neighbouring Countries of Afghanistan” will be held in Samar­kand and Ms. Khar will lead the Pakistani delegation. Foreign Office statement said: “The mechanism will contribute towards forging a consensus among the neighbouring countries of Afghanistan, who are the most direct stakeholders of the situation in Afghanistan.” On the sidelines of the ministerial huddle, Ms. Khar will hold bilateral meetings with leaders of the participating states. Foreign ministers from China, Russia, Iran and central Asian states are expected to attend the meeting, besides Pakis­tan. (“Khar to attend Afghanistan neighbours moot today,” Dawn, 13 April 2023)

Sakib Sherani, Now or never
Dawn, 13 April 2023
“With Pakistan facing unprecedented challenges and pressures across a broad front, the critical question is: can the dire situation be turned around, or is it too late? An unequivocal and immediate return to constitutional rule and the rule of law is the only way forward.”
 
Dr Raashid Wali Janjua, Baloch unrest
The Express Tribune, 13 April 2023
“Balochistan needs real democracy not the foisted version that yields corruption and bad governance. Educated Baloch segment and the deprived strata want jobs on merit and utilization of development funds without corruption which should be ensured through good governance and empowered local government structures.”
 
Umar Agha,  We’re asking the wrong questions
Dawn, 13 April 2023
“Fundamentally, we must ask ourselves what the end of government is. Is our constitutional democracy primarily valuable as a means to an end — the end of effective government that promotes the common good — or is it valuable in itself even if it does not produce just outcomes?”
 
Imran Jan, Hunger Games in Pakistan
The Express Tribune, 13 April 2023
“Pakistanis have become disillusioned this time around that their future and the future of their children in Pakistan is a gamble they are not willing to roll the dice for. They do have the flour bag today but nobody knows what hand they will be dealt tomorrow by destiny and politics. Fighting the odds is not worth it.”
 
Inam Ul Haque, Doha Agreement, US policy and the failure of ANDSF
The Express Tribune, 13 April 2023
“Doha Agreement was the most significant, as it gave a clear ‘psychological signaling’ to Ashraf Ghani regime and ANDSF that America and its Allies were getting out of Afghanistan. The withdrawal was ‘abrupt and uncoordinated’ as Bagram Airfield, for instance, was evacuated in the middle of the night in July 2021 without notifying the Afghan base commander. The perception of the late-night departure had a demoralising effect on Afghan soldiers. ANDSF concluded they were on their own now, abandoned by the Superpower and its powerful allies.”

In Brief

POLITICS
PAC takes stock of audit of public entities by AGP
On 11 April, Public Accounts Committee (PAC) of the National Assembly ordered scrutiny of the entities under government’s administrative control which have refused audit by the office of Auditor General of Pakistan. PAC Chairman reminded National Electric Power Regulatory Authority (Nepra), Pakistan Telecommunication Company Ltd (PTCL), Pakistan Telecomm­unication Employees Trust (PTET), Telecom Foundation (TF), TF Pipes Ltd, Pak Datacom Ltd that AGP was mandated and obligated to audit accounts of any entity. PAC was also informed that Pakistan Steel Mills Corporation had failed to recover PKR 125.3 million dues from Country Club. (Jamal Shahid, “PAC orders scrutiny of bodies refusing audit by AGP,” Dawn, 12 April 2023)
 
ECP submits report to SC on election funding
On 11 April, Election Commission of Pakistan (ECP) on the status of release of PKR 21 billion for the general elections to the Punjab and Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa Assemblies. The government has not issued the amount but tabled a money bill in the same regard. On 10 April, Chief Election Commissioner (CEC) wrote to Senate Chairman and National Assembly Speaker on demanding the power back ECP had on autonomy to announce and alter the election schedule at any stage. (Terence J Sigamony, “Funding issue: ECP submits report to SC,” Business Recorder, 12 April 2023)
 
PM shares his perspective on one year of coalition government
On 11 April, Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif defended the coalition government rule under his leadership as he asserted that government undertook rescue, relief and rehabilitation efforts, provided social protection to millions of people and mobilised international community during floods. He shared the challenges which government had to face in repairing, rebuilding and deepening Pakistan’s diplomatic relations that were dealt a severe blow by previous regime. He added that the coming together of political parties with different manifestos for a common national cause represents a major step forward in the country’s political evolution. The prime minister said that in the last one year, the government has made efforts to diversify the energy mix with an aim to provide relief to the citizens. The renewed focus on solar, hydel, and coal power projects is aimed at replacing the costlier sources of power generation with cheaper ones. (Zaheer Abbasi, “PDM govt’s one year: PM talks about challenges, successes,” Business Recorder, 12 April 2023)
 
Justice Isa defends his visit to NA on 50^th anniversary of constitution
On 11 April, Justice Qazi Faez Isa defended his attendance at golden jubilee celebrations in national assembly. He explained that all SC judges were invited to celebrate the golden jubilee. In a single-page clarification issued both in En­­glish and Urdu, Justice Isa explained that prior to accepting the invitation, inquiries were made as to whether there would be political speeches, and assurances were extended that only the Constitution and its making would be spoken about. A compliant has been filed by Gujranwala Bar Associa­tion president over Justice Isa’s visit to NA and appeared to have committed gross misconduct by choosing a public forum for voicing his personal and subjective views and opinions. (Nasir Iqbal, “Judge responds to uproar over speech at convention,” Dawn, 12 April 2023)
 
PAKISTAN-OCCUPIED KASHMIR
Premier Sardar Tanveer Ilyas removed in contempt of court verdict
On 12 April, Premier Sardar Tanveer Ilyas was dismissed from his post against contempt for the court by the SC of Pakistan-Occupied Kashmir. A full bench was established after he was summoned for using a ‘threatening tone’ against the court. The bench was headed by Justice Sadaqat Hussain Raja and the verdict made him the first premier to be disqualified for contempt of court. Ilyas issued an apology and said, “I apologise unconditionally if any of my words hurt the judge." This comes after he criticised the stay orders, to which the court stated, “Why didn't you come here when you had a problem with the judiciary?” (Arif Urfi,“AJK high court disqualifies PM Sardar Tanveer Ilyas,” The News International, 11 April 2023)
 
ECONOMY
IMF forecasts Pakistan's growth rate to 0.5 per cent
On 11 April, IMF forecasted a record low for Pakistan’s economic growth to 0.5 per cent. The forecast comes after World Bank and Asian Development Bank estimated 0.4 per cent and 0.6 per cent growth and a rise in inflation to 29.5 per cent and 27.5 per cent. Additionally, the World Economic Outlook estimated that the unemployment rate will increase to seven per cent in 2023. The inflation in the country has decline owing to the raised interest rates and the commodities prices have come down, the country faces pressure under the current economic stress. (Khaleeq Kiani, “IMF slashes Pakistan’s growth outlook to 0.5pc,” Dawn, 12 April 2023)
 
CDWP-approved developmental projects
On 11 April, the Central Development Working Party (CDWP) approved three developmental projects costing PKR 76.5 billion. The meeting was attended by the planning ministry, members of the planning commission and members of other ministries. They approved the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Rural Accessibility Project, a 6-lane overhead bridge and the construction of the Sindh health programme. (Naveed Butt, “CDWP approves three uplift projects worth Rs76.5bn,” Business Recorder, 12 April 2023)
 
 Auto Sales saw a decline of 66 per cent
On 11 April, reports the Business Recorder on the fall of Auto sales to 66 per cent to 9,211 units as found the Pakistan Automotive Manufacturers Association (PAMA). The volume decline is further expected in 2023 says JS researcher Wasil Zaman. Additionally, he stated, “With foreign exchange reserves at critically low levels leaving little room for improvement on the supply side for auto manufacturers, we expect cumulative volume decline during the fiscal year 2023 to clock in at over 50% year-on-year, which will extend to the first half of the fiscal year 2024.” (Bilal Hussain, “Auto sales suffer massive fall of 66% YoY to 9,211 units in March,” Business Recorder, 11 April 2023)
 
EXTERNAL
Congressman Sherman urges Blinken to look into human rights and democracy crisis in Pakistan
On 12 April, Congressman Brad Sherman urged Antony Blinken to look into the human rights and democracy violations facing Pakistan. Sherman asked Blinken to reaffirm their support of the cause and encourage Islamabad to respect the right to speak and organize. Additionally, he tweeted, “I respect its constitution and its democratic process — but we must not shy away from raising our voice when the human rights of the Pakistani people are at stake.” The statement comes after his conversation with Imran Khan. He also expressed concerns over several cases filed against PTI elders and protestors. Furthermore, he found the officials delaying the election process in provinces as another instance of “skirting” democratic rights. He said, “Most importantly, I urge the authorities to make sure that going forward political figures or citizens who simply want to demonstrate are not subjected to anti-democratic consequences.” (Nasim Haider, “US lawmaker urges Antony Blinken to support human rights, democracy in Pakistan,” The News International, 12 April 2023)

Zahid Hussain, Making the Constitution work
Dawn, 12 April 2023
“Surely, 50 years of our constitutional history calls for celebrations but what is most important is to make the document actually work. Unfortunately, that has not happened. The country is still struggling to find a way forward. A reckless power struggle has left the democratic process much weaker than before, raising fears of yet another derailment of the Constitution.”
 
Dr Syed Akhtar Ali Shah, Imperatives of the Constitution
The Express Tribune, 12 April 2023
“The government is humbly advised that the only go-to option is to abide by the constitutional imperatives and hold election to the two dissolved legislatures as ordered by the Supreme Court of Pakistan.”
 
Rafia Zakaria, The new kingdom
Dawn, 12 April 2023
“It would be safe to surmise that the old Saudi Arabia is in the process of a transformation. All signs now appear to point to a more tolerant and hopeful future rather than an ultraconservative mindset."
 
Samia Liaquat Ali Khan, Nutrition emergency
Dawn , 12 April 2023
“Longer-term strategies can provide the biggest payout on the nutrition front: fixing nutrition-sensitive sectors such as education; maternal and reproductive health; ending open defecation and improving WASH (water, sanitation and hygiene); and creating opportunities for dietary and income diversification through improved agriculture policies that move beyond cash crops and support value addition in horticulture and other rural produce.”
 
Mahir Ali, Peace dividend?
Dawn, 12 April 2023
“US hegemony in the Middle East hasn’t ended, but it has suffered what future historians might look upon as an irrecoverable blow. No wonder the CIA director has lately been in Riyadh to remonstrate about being blindsided by his Saudi friends. And, amid his many other woes, Benjamin Netanyahu is watching his pet fantasy of a Saudi-Israeli-centred axis against Iran go up in smoke.”

In Brief

POLITICS
Polls fund issue to be consulted with the Parliament
On 9 April, the federal cabinet reached to parliament over releasing funds for polls to ECP as dictated by SC. PM Shehbaz Sharif chaired the meeting. The cabinet stated that they could not adhere to the SC's suggestion to release funds and that the consultation needed to be expanded to the parliament for a joint session. They iterated that this meeting was approved by NSC which expressed concerns over the rising terrorist activities in the country. Planning and Development Minister Ahsan Iqbal expressed that holding provincial elections prior would create political friction in the country similar to 1971. PM’s assistant Malik Muhammad said, “verdicts: one by four judges and the other by three. And the government is confused on what is the real verdict? And that Justice Athar Minallah’s decision raised many new questions.” The cabinet indirectly criticised the court for being “pro-PTI” and that the country is suffering due to politics in court. Additionally, the cabinet decided unanimously that the finance ministry should advice court to consult parliament over the persisting issue. (Amjad Mahmood,“Cabinet to place polls funds issue before parliament today,” Dawn, 10 April 2023)
 
Political parties: NSC anti-terrorism operation futile until supporters captured
On 7 April, NSC vowed to relaunch National Action Plan to crush terrorism and militancy from Afghanistan. Political parties and several allies of the coalition government have shown concerns over the action plan. They suggest that before going for an offensive measure against militants, its important that those who brought them back are punished. Hinting at the previous government initiative to hold talks with militancy and to smoothen relations, MNA Mohsin Dawar, said there was no space to talk with terrorists and yet it was initiated and that “The (pervious) government supports the Afghan Taliban, who support the outlawed Tehreek-i-Taliban Pakistan (TTP),” (Umer Farooq,“Political parties concerned over new military operation,” Dawn, 10 April 2023)
 
PROVINCES
Punjab: Police launches grand operation to crackdown robbers and kidnappers
On 9 April, Punjab police launched a ‘Grand operation’ to detain robbers and kidnappers in the Katcha region near the Sindh border. The crackdown allegedly killed a gangster and six accomplices, and one police officer aced injury.  IGP Dr Usman Anwar stated that the investigation was going from prior months over increasing kidnap for ransom activities in the region and that kept an eye over the criminal and their facilitators.(Irfanul Haq,“ ‘Grand operation’ against katcha area outlaws starts in Punjab,” Dawn, 10 April 2023)
 
Karachi: MQM-P claims 8 million people remain uncounted in digital census
On 9 April, Muttahida Qaumi Movement-Pakistan (MQM-P) alleged that the government authorities are knowingly lowering Karachi's population when counting for Census. They expressed their concerns over conducting a digital census and that if not addressed, the Party will take on the streets. They estimate that 8 million people remain uncounted in Karachi. MQM-P party convenor Dr Khalid Maqbool Siddiqui said, “A family of eight or nine is recorded as a unit of four or five people. The majority of high-rise residential buildings remain uncounted where people are still waiting for enumerators.” They claim that the manipulation of census is owed to rig elections. (“‘Up to 8m Karachiites’ may remain uncounted in census, fears MQM-P,” Dawn, 10 April 2023)
 
ECONOMY
Remittances record a drop of 10.8 per cent on YoY basis
On 10 April, the State Bank of Pakistan (SBP) released data on inflows from overseas workers’ remittances. On a monthly basis, the inflows increased by 27.4 per cent reaching USD 2.5 billion. In contrast, on a cumulative basis, the remittances were USD 23 billion in the fiscal year 2021-22, while in 2022-23, the inflows stood at USD 28.527 billion. Business Recorder quoted an analyst who said that the rise was seasonal in nature during the month of Ramadan. Inflows from the UK and European Union increased while inflows witnessed a drop from Saudi Arabia and UAE. (“Overseas workers' remittances up 27.4% MoM, clock in at $2.5bn in March,” Business Recorder, 10 April 2023)
 
UAE company to buy stake in Careem super app
On 10 April, Business Recorder reported that Emirates Telecommunications Group (etisalat by e&) will take a 50.03 per cent stake in the super app managed by Careem, Uber Technologies’ in a transaction valued at USD 400 million. Careem provides ride-hailing services along with other services such as food delivery, bike rentals, digital payments and courier services. A statement by e& explained the decision to hold a share in Careem as its own ambitions to scale up consumer digital offerings. It would allow the company to take advantage of the app to boost the growth of its consumer digital services. (“UAE’s e& to acquire majority stake in Careem’s Super App for $400mn,” Business Recorder, 10 April 2023)
 
PKR 45 billion project envisaged for energy-efficient buildings
On 10 April, Dawn reported on the plans of the government’s plan to embark on a 10-year transition strategy to shift from gas to electricity in commercial, industrial and residential sectors, and push energy-efficient buildings. Central Development Working Party cleared the project in discussions with the World Bank. Planning Commission in Pakistan has been told that Pakistan’s current energy-saving potential was around 10 million to 12 million tonnes of oil equivalent. The project aims to save PKR 500 billion each year if implemented successfully. The project will involve energy audits and benchmarking of all large federally owned buildings, demonstration of deep energy efficiency retrofits of several ‘showcase’ buildings and development of standardised materials and specifications to support the retrofitting of buildings in the commercial, public and residential sectors. (Khaleeq Kiani, “Govt set to push shift from gas to electricity, energy-efficient buildings,” Dawn, 10 April 2023)

Maleeha Lodhi, “Democracy in retreat”
Dawn, 10 April 2023
“A bigger crisis with unpredictable consequences seems inevitable with the PDM government refusing to implement the Supreme Court decision. This is unprecedented in the country’s history. Growing public disquiet over the situation is reflected in an opinion poll conducted by the consultancy firm, IRIS communications. This finds over 70 per cent of respondents feel the country is going in the wrong direction. Meanwhile, Imran Khan has warned his supporters will take to the streets if the government doesn’t comply with the judicial order. This promises more unrest and instability ahead with greater damage to democracy. It also risks reducing democracy to a mere shell shorn of substance.”
 
Dr. Noman Ahmed, Land-use policy
Dawn, 10 April 2023
“It is important to note that land is an asset, not a commodity. It must be utilised keeping social justice as the guiding principle. The continuing sale of land will leave our cities and suburbs short of an asset needed for essential amenities and services. Government departments that own land must act as trustees of this asset. In order to promote transparency at all stages of functioning, government agencies must endeavour to publish land records that have the necessary information.”
 
Editorial, Constitution at 50
Dawn, 10 April 2023
“Is the 1973 Constitution a perfect document? Not necessarily, but it is equipped with the tools to resolve disputes and address shortcomings, as the 18th Amendment has shown. The only solution lies in respecting the constitutional order and working to implement the lofty goals laid out by the basic law. Tinkering by adventurers — uniformed and civilian — opens the door to ad-hocism, and unleashes forces that threaten the very existence of the federation.”
 
Editorial, The issue of women’s chastity
Business Recorder, 10 April 2023
“Women are also made to feel they are lesser beings while men are entitled to do anything they fancy. It is imperative therefore to foster gender sensitisation in the education system as well as training of judicial officers in conformity with the principles of justice.”
 
Editorial, The policy rate challenge
“The MPS’ contention that “there are early indications of inflation expectations plateauing, albeit at an elevated level” requires clarification on two counts: (i) this may be a reference to the fact that the IMF conditions have been met in terms of achieving full-cost recovery with no further tariff raises envisaged in the short term; however, given that the full-cost recovery has been passed on to the hapless consumers rather than dealing with sectoral inefficiencies, the need to further raise rates may be felt sooner rather than later if past precedence is anything to go by. One would have hoped for sectoral inefficiencies being tackled on an emergent basis; and (ii) what are these early indications referred to in the MPS, given that the month-on-month increase in core inflation in March was 2.5 percent - the highest since March 2022.”
  
Naeem Sadiq, Child labour and parasitic elite
The Express Tribune, 10 April 2023
“We know very little about Pakistan. We have no idea of the number of children born in the last 5 years, as most of them were never registered. We have no idea of those who died in the last 5 years, as the death registration rate is less than 40%. We have no idea of the number of ghost pensioners, although our pension bill has crossed Rs609 billion. We have no idea of the number of out-of-school children except that they now exceed the number of in-school children. We have no idea of the extent of child labour or child marriages, except what we are periodically told by the foreign NGOs.”
 

In Brief

POLITICS
Justice Minallah notes garners support and criticism
On 7 April, Justice Athar Min­allah issued a note opposing the SC Suo Motu verdict in the delayed poll issue. PTI leader Fawad Chaudhry called the note a, “Mediocre judgement by all standards, technicality supersedes substantial issues.” He observed the contradictory nature of the judge's notes over holding the supremacy of parliament on one hand and requesting to examine the dissolution of the assembly on the other. Dr Shireen Mazari senior leader in Pti said, “Has written more of a political statement than a judicial note, which is most unfortunate and disappointing too. Elections seem to be arousing a strange fear in so many it’s amusing.” While Lawyer Salahuddin Ahmed supported the argument put forth by Justice Minallah calling it a “scathing note.” (Shahab Nafees,“‘Scathing note’, ‘mediocre judgement’: opposing views emerge on SC judge’s note,” Dawn, 8 April 2023)
 
Coalition divided over holding a meeting with PTI
On 7 April, the coalition government differeed over holding talks with PTI. This comes after PPP urged for an all-political party conference to sit and resolve the political crisis. The suggestion was met with disagreement from PML-N and JUI-F. PPP meeting chaired by Bilawal Bhutto- Zardari said, “The meeting stressed that shutting the door of dialogue is not the solution. For this purpose, the party decided to approach all the parties in the coalition government for taking a joint position on the issue of dialogue among the political parties.”JUI-F leader Maulana Asad Mehmood stated that he would never sit with Imran Khan and said, “He is a criminal and should be tried under Article 6. This is the stance of my party. The judges had themselves declared that he [Imran] had violated the Constitution and today they [judges] have fallen in love with him,” (Syed Irfan Raza, “Ruling alliance split on dialogue with PTI,” Dawn, 8 April 2023)
 
PROVINCES
Balochistan: ISPR announces arrest of Gulzar Imam
On 7 April, ISPR announced the arrest of a Baloch separatist commander, Gulzar Imam, leader of the Baloch Nationalist Army (BNA), one of three major separatist groups operational in Balochistan reported Dawn. He hailed from the Panjgur district in the province and headed Baloch Students Organisation (BSO)-Azad during his student political career. Within the BRA’s ranks, Imam developed differences with its chief Brahumdagh Bugti over several iss­ues, particularly his leadership style. Commenting on the rifts and factionalism within Baloch separatists Fahad Nabeel, a security analyst at Geopolitical Insights said: “The fragmentation in these groups began when their field commanders from the lower-middle classes challenged the groups’ heads, who are wealthy traditional Baloch tribal chieftains living in self-exile in Europe.” The tribal nature of separatist forces is secondary now, they are driven by ideology. (Zia Ur Rehman, “Who is BNA leader Gulzar Imam?,” Dawn, 8 April 2023.

PAKISTAN-IRAN
Taftan Bazarcha Business Gateway to open on a trial basis
On 8 April, authorities will reopen Taftan Bazarcha Business Gateway on a trial basis which was closed in 2014 over security reasons. business leaders of the Quetta Chamber of Commerce and Industry (QCCI), which have long demanded the reopening of the gateway, have reached Taftan to make arrangements. QCCI senior vice president mentioned that reopening the Bazarcha Gateway will prove a breath of fresh air for local businesses. (Saleem Shahid, “Taftan trade gateway to reopen after nine years,” Dawn, 8 April 2023)
 
PAKISTAN-INDIA
India cannot change IWT unilaterally, PML-N Senator calls for domestic unity to counter any such move
On 7 April, Minister for Climate Change Sherry Rehman, while responding to a calling-attention notice in the Senate revealed that 25 January notice by India was more inspired for internal consumption as elections were due in India next year. She added that the treaty could not be changed until both parties — Pakistan and India — agreed. She called for no panicking and stressed that Pakistan had timely raised objections to the construction of controversial dams, including Baglihar, Kishan Ganga and Ratle, by India on the rivers meant for Pakistan. (Iftikhar A Khan, “India can’t amend water treaty on its own, Senate told,” Dawn, 8 April 2023)
 

Shahab Usto, The forgotten children
Dawn, 8 April 2023
“Mercifully, the status quo is now under attack. The principal power centre, Punjab, is politically sweltering; Balochistan and KP are facing armed insurgencies; and Sindh is seething with discontent.”
 
Ahmed Bilal Mehboob, A work in progress
Dawn, 8 April 2023
“Lastly, parliament was coerced in 2010 to water down its role in the appointment of judges and it had to post-haste pass the 19th Amendment. Parliament should amend Article 175-A to assert its rightful role in scrutinising the appointment of judges to the superior courts.”
 
Hussain H Zaidi, Anatomy of a conflict
The News International, 8 April 2023
“In a given instance, which side stands on a firmer footing is open to debate. The important thing, however, is that conflict is likely to continue to preside over the relations between these institutions, as a concomitant – if not the driver – of the evolution of the polity.”
 
Editorial, Crisis mode
The Express Tribune, 8 April 2023
“Dovetailing the orders of the judiciary is a must, even if it comes at the cost of losing mileage in the executive domain. And this is what the 13-party coalition of the unwilling must learn in all generosity. The sooner it takes a high moral ground of accepting the judicial review, and going into polls, it will be doing a great service to rule of law and democracy.”

Editorial, Political catwalk
The News International, 7 April 2023
“If the government needs to make concrete plans regarding how it sees future politics, the PTI needs to figure out once and for all who it's up against: the constant U-tuns need to be retired now. And most importantly, if both sides of the political wrangling need to resolve their differences, so do the institutions. It's time for everyone to behave like adults now.”

Ishrat Husain, Reviving agricultural growth: Part - II
The News International, 7 April 2023
“Improving the efficiency of water use including equitable distribution could save an additional 12 maf, not only mitigating the adverse impact of climate change but further boosting overall GDP by 0.9 per cent and agriculture GDP 4.2 per cent on average.”

Raoof Hasan, Election bells tolling
The News International, 7 April 2023
“Faced with the prospect of their political demise, the criminal conglomerate is breeding conflict and chaos. For the state to survive, it is imperative that institutions continue operating in accordance with the constitution. It is that time in Pakistan’s history when without let or hindrance all instruments of power, when called upon, should assist the SC in undertaking a constitutional duty.”

Dr Pervez Tahir,Democracy’s toughest test
The Express Tribune, 7 April 2023
“The difference is on the date. Insistence by the coalition government to wait until October is in the hope to regain some lost political capital, mainly by improving the economy… Let the general elections be held sooner than later. Political problems should be resolved politically. Who knows it better than the seasoned politicians in the coalition.”

Shahzad Chaudhry,The final sin
The Express Tribune, 7 April 2023
“The SC has ordered elections. This is the first step to resolving this multifaceted breakdown of order. This is what the Constitution also ordains. To be on the wrong side of both for short-term gains and convenience is failing the state and its people. Let it not be said we were found siding the wrong. Let it not be ‘the sin’ which finally sank the ship down fully. God forbid.”

In Brief

POLITICS
PBS: Digital census sees 90 per cent completion
On 5 April, the Pakistan Bureau of Statistics (PBS) report announced that 90 per cent of the country's first digital census remains complete as they reach the first deadline on 10 April. The report also stated that Islamabad and Balochistan remain behind with only 72 per cent and 62 per cent of work completed. The PBS said, “The digital census is a huge success and a moment of pride for the nation…40 million households had been counted and geotagged and 92pc of the census work had been successfully completed, including 95pc in KP, 95pc in Punjab, 92pc Sindh, and 62pc in Balochistan.” The department also lauded the efforts of provincial governments for playing a major role in ensuring a smooth census process. Additionally, the report also stated the methodology ensures that every individual be covered who lived at the location for six months or plans to. (Imran Ayub, “Census task ‘90pc complete’ in Punjab, Sindh, KP, says PBS,” Dawn, 6 April 2023)
 
Thar’s contaminated water, local people suffering
On 4 April, Activists from the Thar region annouced that excessive levels of toxic metals were found in drinking water and this has poisoned the waters. That is considered to be the least developed region in Pakistan and over the past few years, it has become the destination for coal projects to aid the energy woes. The high level of mercury, lead and arsenic found in water is blamed on the environmentally harmful mining process. This has resulted in local people suffering from health problems without being properly treated.  ( “Thar’s water concerns,” Dawn, 6 April 2023)
 
SECURITY
Militant commander and seven associates killed in IBO
On 5 April, ISPR released a statement which mentioned that a key militant commander and his seven associates were killed during an intelligence-based operation (IBO) carried out by security forces in the Shinwarsak area of South Waziristan tribal district. A sepoy of Pakistan Army was also killed during the operations and two officers sustained injuries. (Umer Farooq, “‘Militant commander’ among eight killed in S. Waziristan,” Dawn, 6 April 2023)
 
CPEC
Chinese consul general hails CPEC as transformative project on tenth anniversary
On 5 April, Chinese Consul General in Lahore hailed CPEC as transformative project that paved way for socio-economic development in the country. He said: “Through high-quality development of the CPEC, China is working with Pakistan to build a community having a shared future in the new era of development.” An essay competition titled ‘CPEC — 10 years and its grassroots impacts’ was organised in collaboration with the Chi­nese Consulate in Lah­ore and the Institute of International Relations and Media Research (IIRMR). (“Chinese envoy credits CPEC for social, economic development,” Dawn, 6 April 2023)
 

Aqdas Afzal, Road to perdition?
Dawn, 6 April 2023
“In the medium term, Pakistani politicians can also look at the example of Nepal that decided to introduce proportional representation in its electoral system in order to improve democratic representation. Where 60 per cent of the members are elected in single-member constituencies in first-past-the-post voting, 40pc of the members are elected through the proportional electoral system, where people vote for political parties taking the entire country as a single constituency.”
 
Ali Taqueer Sheikh, Wishing away water woes
Dawn, 6 April 2023
“This has created diplomatic space for Pakistan to brief them, the World Bank and countries and institutions on its position and the risks to regional security that a dysfunctional water treaty can pose. Given Pakistan’s high stakes in protecting the treaty, the country’s top leadership should have by now undertaken visits to at least the P-5 countries and the Middle East with whom both India and Pakistan maintain close economic and political ties.”
 
Zafarullah Khan, Judicial reforms: now or never (Part–II)
The News international, 6 April 2023
“The SJC be abolished and a Judicial Commission for appointments in the Supreme Court consisting of ten members shall perform the functions of the SJC. Some other penalties, on the pattern of the penalties under Civil Service Act, 1973 may also be introduced for acts of minor misconduct in addition to removal from service available now. There is confusion as to whether jurisdiction of the SJC extends to a chief justice or not; it shall be clarified that it does apply. Consequently, the next senior-most judge shall be the member of the SJC. The Judicial Commission shall make a code of conduct for judges and inappropriate observations by a judge shall also be considered misconduct”.
 
Kamila Hayat, State of crises
The News international, 6 April 2023
“The childish efforts to sabotage deals with the IIMF only hurt the country and its people further. There is no space left for any more games. The crises all need to be solved so that people can live lives of some dignity and have some hope in the future of a country with plenty of resources but apparently not enough will and commitment to make it a place worth living in for its people.”

Ahmed Bilal Mehboob, Where do we go from here?
Dawn, 5 April 2023
“Since, according to the law, the bench is to be formed by the chief justice and the two senior-most judges, chances are that an enlarged bench or a full court may hear the appeal. In the meantime, the chief justice may also initiate proceedings against the newly passed bill and even declare it unlawful.”
 
Editorial, Elections, or else
Dawn, 5 April 2023
“The chief justice, meanwhile, still has a chance to salvage the situation. He should not continue to ignore the concerns being raised from within his court and without. It is important that the full court be convened post haste to settle all remaining questions.”
 
Zafarullah Khan, Judicial reforms: Now or never (Part-I)
The News International, 5 April 2023
“Currently, the nomination (one for one post of judges) made by the commission is considered by a committee. However, the 19th Amendment has diluted the powers of parliament.”
 
Editorial, More crises?
The News International, 5 April 2023
“As for elections in Punjab, the caretaker government has said that it will implement the court’s orders but political observers say that if the government delays in releasing funds, it would not be in the ECP or the caretakers’ hands. What the SC does in this case will lead to another executive versus judiciary faceoff.”
 
Editorial, Legally correct
The Express Tribune, 5 April 2023
“The helmsmen are well advised that challenging the dictates of the Constitution and the writ of judiciary will only risk contempt of court charges, apart from deepening the prevailing politico-legal crisis that is already having a damaging effect on the economic situation of the country. The only go-to approach is to prepare for election and be ready to accept the people’s verdict in the spirit of democracy and constitutionalism.”

Dr. Niaz Murtaza, State meltdown?
Dawn, 4 April 2023
"One fears cataclysmic actions by institutions against each other — executive against judiciary or vice versa — and even within. Strangely, the institution in Pindi mostly responsible for this mess is acting aloof, perhaps letting civilians create such a mess that it can again present itself as the sole saviour. Or perhaps, stung by its failed hybrid play, it is unsure of what to do. Just as the world catches a cold when the US sneezes, Pakistan sees chaos when the establishment experiences uncertainty."
 
Mosharraf Zaidi, Why Saudi Arabia won’t bail us out
The News International, 4 April 2023
"But a more ambitious and globally competitive Saudi Arabia than what fifty, sixty and seventy something Pakistani decision-makers can conceive demands quick, competent and decisive deal making. Absent this kind of serious engagement, Pakistani elites will be lucky to score a billion here, two billion there. Such funds continuing to trickle into Pakistan’s treasury to help prevent an apocalyptic technical default will, over the longer term, actually erode the quality of fraternal relations between the two countries. It is hard for a soaring falcon to consort too readily with an ostrich that prefers burying its head in the desert sand."
 
Editorial, Energy reality
The News International, 4 April 2023
"A recent study by the Sustainable Development Policy Institute (SDPI) highlights a largely ignored fact about Pakistan’s energy crisis. It says that only 40 per cent of Pakistanis have access to clean cooking energy. The research further says that women in rural areas have to face two acute challenges: go on a difficult journey to collect biomass for energy and suffer the health burden of respiratory issues caused by exposure to harmful smoke."
 
Editorial, National carrier’s dilemma
The Express Tribune, 4 April 2023
"PIA, of late, has never been treated as a company or a services sector, but rather as an entity to serve the officialdom. It was never in the professional hands as other regional airlines, who took advantage of the fissures to capture the entire Pakistani aviation market. Grounded planes, mishaps and lack of accessories, to keep it in the air, are some of the irresistible problems, and lastly politics of connivance had shattered it to the core. PIA demands restructuring on a war-footing basis and that too by credible professionals." 

Huma Yusuf, Rebuilding trust
Dawn, 3 April 2023
“Democracy supporters wondering how to tackle the present crisis should consider establishing well-governed grant programmes to support journalism. And the media should change tack to better charter these tumultuous political waters, showing itself deserving of such public trust.”
                                       
Dr Naazir Mahmood, The 20th and 21st amendments
The News International, 3 April 2023
“Some observers considered both amendments as a betrayal of the democratic cause and parliamentary supremacy; they believed that parliament should not bend to any arm-twisting from non-political institutions, which also should not ask for constitutional amendments. Some religious parties called the 21st Amendment a conspiracy to turn Pakistan into a secular state.”
 
AAH Soomro, Who cares about the economy in this political tug of war?
The Express Tribune, 3 April 2023
“The system may not change. Whether the elections take place this month or in August, the faces are likely to be the same with the same mundane, old fashioned and copycat policies. These people living in posh houses with multi-million-dollars’ worth of wealth cannot possibly feel the problems of 220 million people. Optimists willing to change the system either become part of the system or die trying.”
 
M Zeb Khan, Disorientation of the media
The Express Tribune, 3 April 2023
“The basis of our governments being the opinions of people, the very first object should be to keep that right; and were it left to me to decide whether we should have a government without newspapers or newspapers without a government, I should not hesitate a moment to prefer the latter.”
 
Kamran Yousaf, Tough choices
The Express Tribune, 3 April 2023
“Pakistan has calculated that attending the democracy summit would have more disadvantages than advantages. As the IMF programme hangs in the balance, China is the only country which can bail Pakistan out. Therefore, it is not wise to antagonise China, officials here believe. That was the reason Pakistan stayed out of the summit. Will the gamble pay off?”
 
Shahid JavedBurki, China’s expanding geographic reach
The Express Tribune, 3 April 2023
“Some of the Pashtuns who have drifted back into the country were expelled when the Pakistani military carried out an effective campaign against the Taliban who were operating from the bases in North Waziristan. They are now drifting back, targeting the military and the Shiite community. Could the Beijing-sponsored deal with Saudi Arabia and Iran bring peace and relative prosperity to the tribal belts in the areas that border Afghanistan and Pakistan?”

Editorial, Vox populi
Dawn, 22 March 2023
“They should remember that no force will be enough to legitimise their actions if they are deemed to have conspired together to subvert the Constitution just to prevent the PTI from securing a mandate from the public. If the PML-N will not see reason, the other parties should reconsider their role in this ugly game.”

Zahid Hussain, The clock is ticking
Dawn, 22 March 2023
“What is happening now may not be unfamiliar to Pakistani politics that has remained stuck in a vicious cycle of vendetta, but the current chaos seems far more consequential, with the country on the verge of economic collapse. The clock is ticking but our power elite appear to be least troubled by the gathering storm.”

Editorial, Political crisscross
The Express Tribune, 22 March 2023
“All of them are alive and kicking in their renewed circumference, and enjoy public support. Thus, a similar misadventure with the PTI would only vindicate its current stance. The approach should be to come up with a level-playing field under the ambit of law and constitution, and let the people decide.”